How demographic processes shape animal social networks
How demographic processes shape animal social networks
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arz083
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发表时间：
2019-06
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
D. Shizuka;Allison E. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Shizuka;Allison E. Johnson
人口进程在形成人口中个人之间的社会关系模式方面起着关键作用。社会网络分析是一种强大的定量工具，用于评估个体之间的联系所形成的社会结构。然而，在这种分析中很少考虑到人口过程。在这里，我们总结了动物社会网络的结构是如何被社会行为和个体更替的共同影响所塑造的，并提出了如何更深入地理解这些过程可以为研究开辟新的、令人兴奋的途径。死亡或分散可以产生直接影响，使个体及其所有社会联系消失，也可以产生间接影响，刺激剩余个体之间社会联系分布的变化。青少年和移民的吸纳和融入现有的社会网络是社会网络结构产生和持续的关键。总之，这些对社会伙伴得失的行为反应可能会影响社会如何应对季节性或灾难性的人员流失事件。社会地位的适应性结果（例如，存活率和繁殖率）也可能在社会网络结构和人口统计学之间产生反馈。了解社会结构如何随着个人离职而变化，需要将长期的实地研究和网络建模方法进一步结合起来。这些努力可能会对社会网络与生命史、生态变化和进化动力学之间的联系产生新的见解。
Demographic processes play a key role in shaping the patterns of social relations among individuals in a population. Social network analysis is a powerful quantitative tool for assessing the social structure formed by associations between individuals. However, demographic processes are rarely accounted for in such analyses. Here, we summarize how the structure of animal social networks is shaped by the joint effects of social behavior and turnover of individuals and suggest how a deeper understanding of these processes can open new, exciting avenues for research. Death or dispersal can have the direct effect of removing an individual and all its social connections, and can also have indirect effects, spurring changes in the distribution of social connections between remaining individuals. Recruitment and integration of juveniles and immigrant into existing social networks are critical to the emergence and persistence of social network structure. Together, these behavioral responses to loss and gain of social partners may impact how societies respond to seasonal or catastrophic turnover events. The fitness consequences of social position (e.g., survival and reproductive rates) may also create feedback between the social network structure and demography. Understanding how social structure changes in response to turnover of individuals requires further integration between long-term field studies and network modeling methods. These efforts will likely yield new insights into the connections between social networks and life history, ecological change, and evolutionary dynamics.