Resource-rational decision making
Resource-rational decision making
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.02.015
复制
发表时间：
2021-03-09
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Gershman, Samuel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhui, Rahul;Lai, Lucy;Gershman, Samuel J.
在许多决策领域，人们似乎既理性又非理性。我们回顾了最近的工作，旨在调和这些显然相互矛盾的观点建模人类决策的最佳认知资源的限制下。这种“资源理性”分析将心理学和神经科学与工程学、经济学和机器学习的思想联系起来。在这里，我们专注于认知资源的信息理论形式化，强调其对理解三个重要和广泛的现象：参考依赖，随机选择和坚持的影响。虽然这些现象传统上被视为非理性的偏见或错误，我们认为，它们可能会出现在一个合理的解决方案，资源有限的决策问题。
Across many domains of decision making, people seem both rational and irrational. We review recent work that aims to reconcile these apparently contradictory views by modeling human decisions as optimal under a set of cognitive resource constraints. This `resource-rational' analysis connects psychology and neuroscience to ideas from engineering, economics, and machine learning. Here, we focus on an information-theoretic formalization of cognitive resources, highlighting its implications for understanding three important and widespread phenomena: reference dependence, stochastic choice, and perseveration. While these phenomena have traditionally been viewed as irrational biases or errors, we suggest that they may arise from a rational solution to the problem of resource-limited decision making.