Emerging microRNAs in cancer diagnosis, progression, and immune surveillance
Emerging microRNAs in cancer diagnosis, progression, and immune surveillance
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DOI：
10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.019
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Chan, Edward K. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harrandah, Amani M.;Mora, Rodrigo A.;Chan, Edward K. L.
microRNA（miRNAs）是一类非编码的小分子RNA，在基因表达的转录后调控中发挥重要作用。已经报道了在癌症发展和进展的不同阶段中miRNA的失调。这种失调导致癌症和正常组织之间存在不同的miRNA谱。许多研究表明，miRNA谱与癌症诊断和预后之间存在显著相关性。此外，由于单个miRNA调节多个mRNA靶标，因此miRNA失调可以影响参与癌症发展的几种途径。最后，由于它们在免疫细胞发育中的调节作用，最近的许多研究报道某些miRNA在癌症免疫学中起关键作用。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了miR-21和miR-375在RAS通路中的作用，以及它们在癌症诊断和进展中的作用，沿着其他选择的miRNA在癌症免疫监视中的作用。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncodimg RNAs that function in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been reported in different stages of cancer development and progression. This dysregulation results in different miRNA profiles between cancer and normal tissues. Many studies have shown a significant correlation between miRNA profile and cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Additionally, since a single miRNA regulates multiple mRNA targets, miRNAs dysregulation can affect several pathways involved in cancer development. Finally, due to their regulatory role in immune cell development, many recent studies have reported that certain miRNAs play key roles in cancer immunology. In this brief review, we discuss the role of miR-21 and miR-375 in the RAS pathway as well as their role in cancer diagnosis and progression, along with the role of other select miRNAs in cancer immune surveillance.