Non-Governmental and Not-for-Profit Organizational Effectiveness: A Modern Synthesis
Non-Governmental and Not-for-Profit Organizational Effectiveness: A Modern Synthesis
复制标题
非政府和非营利组织的有效性：现代综合
DOI：
10.1007/s11266-011-9204-6
复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Swedlund
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Lecy;H. Schmitz;H. Swedlund
非政府组织/非营利组织的有效性仍然是学者和从业人员的一个突出关切，但关于这个问题的文献越来越沿着学科线分散。我们解决这个问题，提出了一个全面的和跨学科的文献综述非政府组织和NPO的有效性使用引文分析。为了发现跨学科的共性与类似的问题，我们部署了一个结构化的文献综述使用雪球抽样引文网络。这种方法限制了作者的偏见，培养了跨学科的视角，并为传统的基于内容的文献综述增加了不同的方法论。我们的回顾揭示了三个趋势：（1）有广泛的学术共识，单维的有效性措施是没有用的，即使这样的措施是常用的NGO/NPO评级机构;（2）学术界对NGO/NPO有效性的主要是概念性的工作，而实证研究仍然很少;（3）如何操作的有效性仍然难以捉摸的共识。这些结果表明，在我们对NGO/NPO有效性的理解方面取得进展，需要加强努力，跨越学科鸿沟，增加实证分析，并更加重视开发共享的类别和方法。
NGO/NPO effectiveness remains a prominent concern for scholars and practitioners, but the literature on this issue is increasingly fragmented along disciplinary lines. We address this problem by presenting a comprehensive and interdisciplinary review of the literature on NGO and NPO effectiveness using citation analysis. In order to uncover commonalities across disciplines concerned with similar questions, we deploy a structured literature review using snowball sampling within citation networks. This approach limits author biases, fosters an interdisciplinary perspective, and adds a different methodological approach to conventional content-based literature reviews. Our review uncovers three trends: (1) there is broad scholarly consensus that unidimensional measures of effectiveness are not useful—even though such measures are commonly used by NGO/NPO rating agencies; (2) the scholarship on NGO/NPO effectiveness is dominated by conceptual works, while empirical studies remain rare; (3) a consensus on how to operationalize effectiveness remains elusive. These results suggest that progress in our understanding of NGO/NPO effectiveness requires enhanced efforts at crossing disciplinary divides, adding empirical analyses, and increasing attention to develop shared categories and methodologies.