Cholera stool bacteria repress chemotaxis to increase infectivity
Cholera stool bacteria repress chemotaxis to increase infectivity
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05096.x
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Camilli, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butler, SM;Nelson, EJ;Camilli, A
对促进病原体传播的因素知之甚少。我们表明，在人类“米汤”粪便中脱落的霍乱弧菌在动物模型中的口服感染剂量比体外生长的霍乱弧菌低10倍，这可能有助于暴发期间的传播。此外，我们确定了一个细菌的因素，有助于这种增强的感染性：实现一个短暂的运动，但趋化性缺陷的状态后，从人类脱落。米水粪便霍乱弧菌具有降低的CheW-1水平，这是趋化性所必需的，因此在毛细管测定中测试时显示具有趋化性缺陷。通过突变分析，已知这种状态会增强霍乱弧菌的感染性。这是第一次报告的病原体改变其趋化状态，以响应人类感染，以加强其传播。
Factors that enhance the transmission of pathogens are poorly understood. We show that Vibrio cholerae shed in human 'rice-water' stools have a 10-fold lower oral infectious dose in an animal model than in vitro grown V. cholerae, which may aid in transmission during outbreaks. Furthermore, we identify a bacterial factor contributing to this enhanced infectivity: The achievement of a transient motile but chemotaxis-defective state upon shedding from humans. Rice-water stool V. cholerae have reduced levels of CheW-1, which is essential for chemotaxis, and were consequently shown to have a chemotaxis defect when tested in capillary assays. Through mutational analyses, such a state is known to enhance the infectivity of V. cholerae. This is the first report of a pathogen altering its chemotactic state in response to human infection in order to enhance its transmission.