Health care research that delivers: introduction to the special issue on cognitive factors in health care.
Health care research that delivers: introduction to the special issue on cognitive factors in health care.
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医疗保健研究提供：介绍医疗保健中认知因素的特刊。
DOI：
10.1037/a0025244
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Durso,FrancisT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morrow,DanielG;Durso,FrancisT
自具有里程碑意义的1999年医学研究所医疗差错报告（Kohn, Corrigan, & Donaldson, 1999）以来，解决医疗保健中人为因素问题的研究取得了良好进展，但患者安全仍然是医疗保健系统的一个持续挑战。虽然这一挑战反映了许多因素，但我们的重点是需要进行足够全面的研究，以确定对患者安全的威胁，但又足够具体，以解释提供者和患者因素如何与任务和健康环境相互作用，从而产生这些威胁。这样的研究既要以理论为基础，又要以问题为导向；对理论相关变量施加实验控制，但也涉及代表感兴趣问题的参与者、任务和背景。一方面，基于理论的、实验控制的研究，另一方面，具有代表性的、问题驱动的研究之间存在着一种紧张关系。本期特刊的研究既以理论为基础，又以应用为指导，反映了斯托克斯（1997）所说的“以使用为灵感的基础研究”。总的来说，这些研究代表了改善患者安全和卫生保健质量的进展。然而，要通过更全面地管理理论与应用之间的紧张关系以及不同的研究方法来显著改善卫生保健，仍有重要的工作要做。我们讨论了完成此类研究的一般障碍（在丰富的环境中原位测试理论的挑战），特别是在医疗保健领域。要取得重大进展，就需要研究项目在一系列融合的研究中深思熟虑地管理混合方法。（PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
Research that addresses human factors issues in health care has made good progress since the landmark 1999 Institute of Medicine report on medical error (Kohn, Corrigan, & Donaldson, 1999), yet patient safety remains a persistent challenge for the health care system. While this challenge reflects many factors, we focus on the need for research that is sufficiently comprehensive to identify threats to patient safety, yet specific enough to explain how provider and patient factors interact with task and health context to engender these threats. Such research should be theory-based, yet also problem-driven; exert experimental control over theoretically relevant variables, yet also involve participants, tasks, and contexts that represent the problems of interest. A tension exists between theory-based, experimentally controlled research on the one hand, and problem-driven research with representative situations on the other. The studies in this special issue are both informed by theory and guided by application, reflecting what Stokes (1997) referred to as “use-inspired basic research.” Collectively, these studies represent progress toward improving patient safety and the quality of health care. However, important work remains to be done to significantly improve health care by more comprehensively managing tensions between theory and application and different research methodologies. We discuss barriers to accomplishing such research in general (the challenge of testing theory in situ in rich environments), and specifically in the health care domain. Significant progress will require research programs that thoughtfully manage mixed methods across a series of converging studies.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)