The Toxicity and Pathology of Selected Dietary Herbal Medicines
The Toxicity and Pathology of Selected Dietary Herbal Medicines
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DOI：
10.1177/0192623312466451
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Nyska, Abraham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dunnick, June K.;Nyska, Abraham
毒性研究由国家毒理学计划（NTP）进行，以提供有关长期使用常用草药的潜在毒性的信息。在这里，我们回顾了这些NTP毒理学/致癌性2年啮齿动物研究的7种常用草药的结果。在这些研究中，F344/N大鼠和B6 C3 F1小鼠经口给予单个草药或草药产品长达2年。致癌反应的范围从没有或可疑的致癌活性证据（人参、奶蓟和姜黄油树脂）到肝肿瘤反应（银杏、白毛茛、卡瓦）、甲状腺肿瘤反应（银杏）或肠道肿瘤反应（芦荟全叶非脱色提取物）。不同的机制可能涉及肝脏（银杏、白毛茛和卡瓦）和胃肠道毒性（姜黄油树脂和芦荟全叶非脱色提取物）的发生，而毒性损伤是相同的。这些危害识别毒性/致癌性研究的结果沿着正在进行的国家卫生研究院草药临床试验的结果，提供了关于普通人群使用草药的风险和获益的更完整信息。
Toxicity studies were conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) to provide information on the potential for toxicity from long-term use of commonly used herbal medicines. Here, we review the findings from these NTP toxicology/carcinogenesis 2-year rodent studies of 7 commonly used herbs. In these studies, the individual herb or herbal product was administered to F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice by oral administration for up to 2 years. The spectrum of carcinogenic responses ranged from no or equivocal evidence for carcinogenic activity (ginseng, milk thistle, and turmeric oleoresin) to a liver tumor response (ginkgo, goldenseal, kava), thyroid tumor response (ginkgo), or an intestinal tumor response (Aloe vera whole leaf nondecolorized extract). Different mechanisms may be involved in the occurrence of liver (ginkgo, goldenseal, and kava kava) and gastrointestinal toxicity (turmeric oleoresin and Aloe vera whole leaf nondecolorized extract), while the toxic lesion is the same. The results from these hazard identification toxicity/carcinogenesis studies along with those from ongoing National Institute of Health clinical trials of herbal medicines provide more complete information on the risks and benefits from herbal medicine use in the general population.