The Health of Japanese-What Can We Learn from America ?
The Health of Japanese-What Can We Learn from America ?
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日本人的健康——我们可以向美国学习什么？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Takao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ichiro;Kawachi;Yoshikazu;Fujisawa;Soshi;Takao
日本和美国在卫生成就方面形成了鲜明的对比。日本人目前是世界上寿命最长的国家，平均预期寿命为82.2岁。相比之下，美国人的预期寿命（77.5岁）排名第30位，落后于哥斯达黎加（78.3岁）、智利（78.1岁）和古巴（77.6岁）等国家。日本和美国的对比是显著的，因为日本目前在医疗保健方面的支出仅占GDP的7.9%，而美国为15%;美国的人均GDP（39，676美元）高于日本的人均GDP（29，251美元，经购买力平价调整）。在《国家的健康》一书中，我们认为，收入不平等和社会凝聚力的程度可以部分解释各国在健康成就方面的差异。在这篇文章中，我们描述的理论和经验证据联系在一起的收入不平等和社会凝聚力/社会资本人口健康。我们比较日本和美国的情况来说明我们的论点。
Japan and the United States provide a striking contrast in their levels of health achievement. The Japanese currently enjoy the highest longevity of any country in the world, with an average life expectancy of 82.2 years. By contrast, Americans rank 30th in life expectancy (77.5 years), behind countries such as Costa Rica (78.3 years), Chile (78.1 years), and Cuba (77.6 years). The contrast between Japan and the USA is remarkable given that Japan currently spends only 7.9% of GDP on health care, compared to 15% in the USA; and American per capita GDP is higher ($39,676) than per capita GDP in Japan ($29,251, adjusted for purchasing power parity, PPP). In the book The Health of Nations (translated into Japanese as“FUBYOUDOU GA KENKOU WO SOKONAU”), we have argued that national differences in health achievement can be partially explained by their levels of income inequality and social cohesion. In this article, we describe the theories and empirical evidence linking income inequality and social cohesion/social capital to population health. We compare the situation in Japan and the United States to illustrate our arguments.