SURVIVAL AND ENUMERATION OF THE FECAL INDICATORS BIFIDOBACTERIUM-ADOLESCENTIS AND ESCHERICHIA-COLI IN A TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST WATERSHED
SURVIVAL AND ENUMERATION OF THE FECAL INDICATORS BIFIDOBACTERIUM-ADOLESCENTIS AND ESCHERICHIA-COLI IN A TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST WATERSHED
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.50.2.468-476.1985
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
HAZEN, TC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CARRILLO, M;ESTRADA, E;HAZEN, TC
对波多黎各Mamyes河热带雨林流域6个采样点的双歧杆菌、粪大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌和总厌氧菌的密度、吖啶橙直接计数、总细菌群落活性和呼吸百分率以及12项理化指标进行了12个月的同步测定。所有细菌的密度都高于报告的未受污染的温带河流的细菌密度，尽管其他水质参数表明所有未受污染的地点都是寡养的。所有指示细菌的密度最高的是接受污水流出物的地点；流域中海拔最高的地点的密度次之。细菌密度、硝酸盐、温度、磷酸盐和总磷之间的相关性表明，无论采样地点如何，所有活菌数都与营养水平有关。在两个不同地点进行的原位扩散箱研究表明，大肠杆菌可以存活，保持生理活性，并以取决于周围水域营养水平的速度再生。B.青少年在这两个部位都没有存活下来，但在这两个部位显示出不同的下降速度和生理活动。与大肠杆菌或粪便大肠菌群相比，双歧杆菌显示出作为最近热带淡水粪便污染的更好指示器的前景；YN-6培养基经证明不能有效地计数双歧杆菌。在热带淡水中，用于评估饮用水和娱乐用水可用性的大肠菌群最大污染物水平似乎是不可行的。
The density of Bifidobacterium spp., fecal coliforms, E. coli and total anaerobic bacteria, acridine orange direct counts, percentages of total bacterial community activity and respiration and 12 physical and chemical parameters were measured simultaneously at 6 sites for 12 months in the Mameyes River rain forest watershed, Puerto Rico. The densities of all bacteria were higher than those reported for uncontaminated temperate rivers, even though other water quality parameters would indicate that all uncontaminated sites were oligotrophic. The highest densities for all indicator bacteria were at the site receiving sewage effluent; the highest elevation site in the watershed had the next highest densities. Correlations between bacterial densities, nitrates, temperature, phosphates and total P indicated that all viable counts were related to nutrient levels, regardless of the site sampled. In situ diffusion chamber studies at 2 different sites indicated that E. coli could survive, remain physiologically active and regrow at rates that were dependent on nutrient levels of the ambient waters. B. adolescentis did not survive at either site but did show different rates of decline and physiological activity at the 2 sites. Bifidobacteria show promise as a better indicator of recent fecal contamination in tropical freshwaters than E. coli or fecal coliforms; the YN-6 medium did not prove to be effective for enumeration of bifidobacteria. The coliform maximum contaminant levels for assessing water usability for drinking and recreation appear to be unworkable in tropical freshwaters.