An overview of process intensification and thermo stabilization for upscaling of Peste des petits ruminants vaccines in view of global control and eradication
An overview of process intensification and thermo stabilization for upscaling of Peste des petits ruminants vaccines in view of global control and eradication
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DOI：
10.1007/s13337-018-0455-3
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Singh, Rabindra Prasad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bora, Mousumi;Yousuf, Raja Wasim;Singh, Rabindra Prasad
小反刍兽疫 (PPR) 已被认为是一种影响小反刍动物种群的全球性疾病。该疾病主要给小土地所有者和低投入农业系统造成严重的经济损失。小反刍兽疫的控制主要通过接种现有的减毒活疫苗来实现。 PPR 病毒的热不稳定特性对高质量疫苗的生产构成了主要限制，这常常导致疫苗失败。缺乏优质疫苗生产危及了广泛的疫苗接种覆盖率，特别是在基础设施薄弱的国家，小反刍兽疫持续流行。疫苗生产系统可能需要通过将工艺强化与适当的稳定剂配方和适当的冷冻干燥循环相结合来提高耐热性，从而获得一致和优质的疫苗。在分批培养过程中生产减毒 PPR 疫苗可能会由于接种物的高感染复数 (MOI) 而引入有缺陷的干扰颗粒 (DIP)，这对病毒动力学和产量产生巨大影响。 DIP 的积累会对生产的疫苗质量产生不利影响，这可以通过使用适当的病毒接种 MOI 和工作种子病毒的质量控制来避免。因此，在疫苗生产中遵守关键的生产标准操作程序并持续努力开发耐热疫苗将有助于全球小反刍兽疫的控制和根除计划。本综述的重点是实现高质量疫苗生产和易于扩大规模的目标，以通过大规模疫苗接种作为重要工具帮助全球控制和消灭小反刍兽疫。
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) has been recognized as a globally distributed disease affecting the small ruminant population. The disease results in severe economic losses mainly to small land holders and low input farming systems. The control of PPR is mainly achieved through vaccination with available live attenuated vaccines. The thermo labile nature of PPR virus poses a major constraint in production of quality vaccines which often results in vaccine failures. The lack of quality vaccine production jeopardize the wide vaccination coverage especially in countries with poor infrastructure due to which PPR persists endemically. The vaccine production system may require augmentation to attain consistent and quality vaccines through efforts of process intensification integrated with suitable stabilizer formulations with appropriate freeze drying cycles for improved thermo tolerance. Manufacturing of live attenuated PPR vaccines during batch cultures might introduce defective interfering particles (DIPs) as a result of high multiplicity of infection (MOI) of inoculums, which has a huge impact on virus dynamics and yield. Accumulation of DIPs adversely affects the quality of the manufactured vaccines which can be avoided through use of appropriate MOI of virus inoculums and quality control of working seed viruses. Therefore, adherence to critical manufacturing standard operating procedures in vaccine production and ongoing efforts on development of thermo tolerant vaccine will help a long way in PPR control and eradication programme globally. The present review focuses on the way forward to achieve the objectives of quality vaccine production and easy upscaling to help the global PPR control and eradication by mass vaccination as an important tool.