Stress, social support, and HIV-status disclosure to family and friends among HIV-positive men and women
Stress, social support, and HIV-status disclosure to family and friends among HIV-positive men and women
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1024252926930
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
DiFonzo, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalichman, SC;DiMarco, M;DiFonzo, K
对 331 名艾滋病毒阳性男性和女性的艾滋病毒状况披露和社会支持模式进行了检查。结构化访谈评估了向家人和朋友披露的艾滋病毒状况、披露的压力、社会支持和抑郁情况。结果显示了选择性披露的模式，其中大多数参与者向某些关系成员而不是其他人披露。披露率与社会支持相关。朋友被告知的频率最高，并且被认为比家庭成员更支持；母亲和姐妹比父亲和兄弟更频繁地被告知，并且被认为比其他家庭成员更支持。路径分析测试了艾滋病毒状况披露的模型，表明披露艾滋病毒的感知压力与披露相关，而披露与社会支持相关。不同关系的披露及其与社会支持和抑郁的关联有所不同，这些差异对心理健康和应对干预措施有影响。
Patterns of HIV-status disclosure and social support were examined among 331 HIV-positive men and women. Structured interviews assessed HIV-status disclosure to family and friends, perceived stress of disclosure, social support, and depression. Results showed patterns of selective disclosure, where most participants disclosed to some relationship members and not to others. Rates of disclosure were associated with social support. Friends were disclosed to most often and perceived as more supportive than family members, and mothers and sisters were disclosed to more often than fathers and brothers and perceived as more supportive than other family members. Path analyses tested a model of HIV-status disclosure showing that perceived stress of disclosing HIV was associated with disclosure, and disclosures were related to social support. Disclosure and its association to social support and depression varied for different relationships and these differences have implications for mental health and coping interventions.