ANALYZING TRANSIT TRAVEL TIME PERFORMANCE
ANALYZING TRANSIT TRAVEL TIME PERFORMANCE
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1983
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
H. Levinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Levinson
根据在美国城市的横截面进行的调查，对交通速度、延误和停留时间进行了详细的分析。这些关系和参数为规划服务变更和评估其影响提供了输入。调查和分析发现，汽车的速度始终是公共汽车速度的1.4至1.6倍;典型的公共汽车速度约为行驶速度的48%至75%，在乘客站的9%至25%，在交通延误中的12%至26%。在郊区，高峰时段的公交出行时间约为4.2分钟/英里，在城市为6.0分钟/英里，在中央商务区为11.50分钟/英里。巴士停留时间（包括开门和关门）约为5秒加上乘客人数的2.75倍;在高峰时段，当地巴士在指定站点的68%至78%停靠。公交车行驶时间和速度作为一个函数的停止频率，停止持续时间，和总线加速和减速时间在现场观察。将每英里的公交车站从8个减少到6个，停留时间从20秒减少到15秒，将使旅行时间从6分钟减少到4.3分钟，节省的时间比消除交通拥堵所能实现的时间要多。应通过将停靠点数量保持在最低限度来提高运输性能。收费政策、车门配置和宽度对于减少停留时间非常重要，特别是在沿着高密度路线上。这种节省的时间可能会超过提供巴士优先措施或改善交通流量所节省的时间。
A detailed analysis of transit speeds, delays, and dwell times based on surveys conducted in a cross section of U.S. cities is summarized. The relationships and parameters provide inputs for planning service changes and assessing their impacts. The surveys and analyses find that car speeds are consistently 1.4 to 1.6 times as fast as bus speeds; time the typical bus speeds about 48 to 75 percent of its moving, 9 to 25 percent at passenger stops, and 12 to 26 percent in traffic delays; and peak-hour bus travel times approximate 4.2 min/mile in suburbs, 6.0 in the city, and 11.50 in the central business district. Bus dwell times (including door opening and closing) approximate 5 sec plus 2.75 times the number of passenger; during peak hours local buses stop at 68 to 78 percent of the designated stops. Bus travel times and speeds were derived as a function of stop frequency, stop duration, and bus acceleration and deceleration times observed in the field. Reducing bus stops from eight to six per mile and dwell times from 20 to 15 sec would reduce travel times from 6 to 4.3 min/mile, a time saving greater than that which could be achieved by eliminating traffic congestion. Transit performance should be improved by keeping the number of stoping places to a minimum. Fare-collection policies and door configurations and widths are important in reducing dwell time, especially along high-density routes. Such time savings will likely exceed those achieved from providing bus priority measures or improving traffic flow.