Effects of diets enriched in omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on offspring sex-ratio and maternal behavior in mice
Effects of diets enriched in omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on offspring sex-ratio and maternal behavior in mice
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DOI：
10.1095/biolreprod.107.065003
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Rosenfeld, Cheryl S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fountain, Emily D.;Mao, Jiude;Rosenfeld, Cheryl S.
有许多实验描述了多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）对人类繁殖力、新生儿发育和母性行为的影响，但很少有啮齿类动物的对照研究。我们研究了高omega -3 （N-3）或omega -6 (N-6) PUFA的母体饮食对NIH瑞士小鼠的影响。从4周开始，雌性小鼠被随意喂食三种完全均衡的饮食（N-3，富含鲱鱼油；N-6，富含玉米油；C，对照饮食，Purina 5015）中的一种，直到研究结束。小鼠分别在19周龄和27周龄时饲养，在两个实验中从129窝中共提供838只幼崽。从1胎断奶后，在高架迷宫和露天迷宫中评估了水坝的行为。虽然N-3组和C组雄性幼崽的比例与0.5相差不大，但N-6组的雌性幼崽比雄性幼崽多（213比133；P < 0.001）。虽然有报道称母亲压力有利于女儿的出生，但N-6水坝的行为与对照组没有什么不同。相比之下，N-3型坝在高架迷宫中表现出更大的焦虑，在张开臂中花费的时间更少，在封闭臂中花费的时间更多，在开阔场地中行进的距离更短，探索行为更少（P < 0.05）。N-3坝产仔量小于C坝，且N-3乳幼崽增重低于C坝（P < 0.05）。综上所述，N-3饮食对小鼠的繁殖力和母性行为有负面影响，而N-6饮食有利于雌性的出生。
There have been many trials describing the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on fecundity, neonatal development, and maternal behavior in humans, but few controlled studies in rodents. We examined the effects of a maternal diet high in omega 3 (N-3) or omega 6 (N-6) PUFA on NIH Swiss mice. Female mice were ad libitum fed one of three complete and balanced diets (N-3, enriched in menhaden oil; N-6, enriched in corn oil; C, control diet, Purina 5015) from age 4 wk until the end of the study. Mice were bred at similar to 19 wk and 27 wk of age, providing a total of 838 pups from 129 litters in two experiments. After weaning their pups from parity 1, behavior of dams was assessed on elevated-plus and open-field mazes. Although the fraction of male pups from the N-3 and C groups was not different from 0.5, dams on the N-6 diet birthed more daughters than sons (213 vs. 133; P < 0.001). Although maternal stress has been reported to favor birth of daughters, the behavior of N-6 dams was not different from controls. By contrast, the N-3 dams displayed greater anxiety, spending less time in the open arms and more time in the closed arms of the elevated maze and traveling less distance and exhibiting less exploratory behavior in the open field (P < 0.05). N-3 dams tended to produce smaller litters than C dams, and N-3-suckled pups gained less weight (P < 0.05). in conclusion, the N-3 diet had negative effects on murine fecundity and maternal behavior, whereas the N-6 diet favored birth of daughters.