Races of Phytophthora sojae and Their Virulences on Soybean Cultivars in Heilongjiang, China.
Races of Phytophthora sojae and Their Virulences on Soybean Cultivars in Heilongjiang, China.
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DOI：
10.1094/pdis-94-1-0087
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Shuzhen Zhang;P. Xu;Jun-jiang Wu;A. Xue;Jinxiu Zhang;Wenbin Li;Cheng Chen;Weiyuan Chen;Huiying Lv
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shuzhen Zhang;P. Xu;Jun-jiang Wu;A. Xue;Jinxiu Zhang;Wenbin Li;Cheng Chen;Weiyuan Chen;Huiying Lv
大豆疫霉根腐病是由大豆疫霉（Phytophthora sojae）引起的大豆重要病害。本研究的目的是确定黑龙江省大豆疫霉菌的生理小种谱，并评价大豆品种对病原小种的反应。2005 - 2007年，从黑龙江省18个县（市）35个大豆田采集土壤样品，共分离到96个单游动孢子大豆疫霉分离物。从96个分离物中的80个分离物的8个差异上鉴定了8个大豆疫霉小种，包括小种1、3、4、5、9、13、44和54，每个差异包含单个抗性Rps基因。小种1和3是优势小种，包括58和14个分离物，分别占病原菌种群的60%和7%。其中4、5、44和54号生理小种在黑龙江省首次发现，每种生理小种仅由2 ~ 3个菌株代表。采用下胚轴接种法对黑龙江省62个大豆品种进行了大豆疫霉菌8个小种的抗性鉴定。根据接种后5天的植株死亡率，44个品种对至少一个小种具有抗性（死亡率<30%）。这些品种可用作大豆育种计划中的抗性来源。
Phytophthora root and stem rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae, is an economically important disease of soybean (Glycine max) in Heilongjiang Province, China. The objectives of this research were to determine the race profile of P. sojae in Heilongjiang and evaluate soybean cultivars for reactions to the pathogen races. A total of 96 single-zoospore P. sojae isolates were obtained from soil samples collected from 35 soybean fields in 18 counties in Heilongjiang from 2005 to 2007. Eight races of P. sojae, including races 1, 3, 4, 5, 9, 13, 44, and 54, were identified on a set of eight differentials, each containing a single resistance Rps gene, from 80 of the 96 isolates. Races 1 and 3 were predominant races, comprising 58 and 14 isolates, and representing 60 and 7% of the pathogen population, respectively. Races 4, 5, 44, and 54 were identified for the first time in Heilongjiang, and each was represented by two to three isolates only. Sixty-two soybean cultivars commonly grown in Heilongjiang Province were evaluated for their resistance to the eight P. sojae races identified using the hypocotyl inoculation technique. Based on the percentage of plant mortality rated 5 days after inoculation, 44 cultivars were resistant (<30% mortality) to at least one race. These cultivars may be used as sources of resistance in soybean breeding programs.