GreenColo: A novel incentive mechanism for minimizing carbon footprint in colocation data center
GreenColo: A novel incentive mechanism for minimizing carbon footprint in colocation data center
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DOI：
10.1109/igcc.2014.7039140
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发表时间：
2014-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. A. Islam;Shaolei Ren;Xiaorui Wang
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. A. Islam;Shaolei Ren;Xiaorui Wang
作为数字经济不可或缺的一部分，数据中心正在迅速发展，消耗了大量的能源并留下了巨大的碳足迹。虽然业主运营的数据中心（例如谷歌）可以实施各种电源管理技术来减少能源消耗，但托管数据中心为那些不想建立自己的数据中心或完全诉诸公共云的用户提供了“半途而废”的解决方案，但受到“分割激励”的影响，为绿色环保制造了障碍：托管运营商希望绿色环保，但无法控制租户的服务器；拥有服务器的租户可能不愿意为了绿色化而管理他们的服务器，除非他们得到适当的激励。在本文中，我们的目标是最大限度地减少托管数据中心的碳足迹，同时满足托管运营商的长期预算约束。为了打破激励分割障碍并满足预算约束，我们开发了一个名为 GreenColo 的动态激励框架，其中租户可以自愿提交节能投标以及所需的付款，如果接受，将获得节能减排的经济奖励。 GreenColo 可以根据当前可用的信息（例如租户的出价和当前的碳效率）在线实施，并动态选择中标以最大限度地减少碳足迹。我们通过分析和实证证明了 GreenColo 的有效性。我们基于追踪的模拟结果表明，GreenColo 可以减少 18% 的碳足迹，而托管运营商不会产生任何额外成本（与无激励基准案例相比），租户最多可节省 25% 的托管成本。
As an integral part of our digital economy, data centers are growing rapidly, devouring a formidable amount of energy and leaving a huge carbon footprint. While owner-operated data centers (e.g., Google) can implement various power management techniques to reduce energy consumption, colocation data centers, which offer a "halfway" solution to users who do not want to build their own data centers or completely resort to public clouds, suffer from "split incentive" that creates a barrier for greenness: colocation operator desires greenness but does not have control over tenants' servers; tenants who own the servers may not be willing to manage their servers for greenness unless they are properly incentivized. In this paper, we aim at minimizing the carbon footprint of a colocation data center while satisfying the colocation operator's long-term budget constraint. To break the split-incentive barrier and satisfy the budget constraint, we develop a dynamic incentive framework, called GreenColo, in which tenants can voluntarily submit energy reduction bids along with their desired payment and, if accepted, will be financially rewarded for energy reduction. GreenColo can be implemented online based on the currently available information (e.g., tenants' bids and current carbon efficiency) and dynamically select winning bids to minimize carbon footprint. We demonstrate the effectiveness of GreenColo both analytically and empirically. Our trace-based simulation results show that GreenColo can reduce carbon footprint by 18%, while the colocation operator does not incur any additional cost (compared to the no-incentive baseline case) and tenants may save up to 25% of their colocation costs.