Asynchronous non-invasive high-speed BCI speller with robust non-control state detection
Asynchronous non-invasive high-speed BCI speller with robust non-control state detection
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-44645-x
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发表时间：
2019-06-04
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Spueler, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nagel, Sebastian;Spueler, Martin
脑机接口（BCI）使用户能够通过纯粹的大脑活动来控制计算机。基于视觉诱发电位（VEP）的最新脑机接口已被证明适用于高速通信。然而，所有最近的高速BCI都是同步的，这意味着系统以固定的时隙工作，使得用户不能在他自己方便的时候选择命令，这在现实世界的应用中造成了问题。在本文中，我们提出了第一个异步高速脑机接口与有意控制（IC）和非控制（NC）之间的鲁棒性的区别，几乎完美的NC状态检测只有0.075错误分类每分钟。由此产生的异步拼写器实现了122.7位/分钟的平均信息传输速率（ITR）使用32目标矩阵键盘。由于该方法是基于随机刺激模式，它允许使用任意数量的目标用于任何应用目的，这是通过使用55个目标德国QWERTY键盘布局，允许参与者平均每分钟写16.1（高达30.7）正确的大小写敏感字母。由于所提出的系统是第一个具有鲁棒的非控制状态检测的异步高速BCI拼写器，这是将BCI应用从实验室转移到现实生活中的重要一步。
Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) enable users to control a computer by using pure brain activity. Recent BCIs based on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) have shown to be suitable for high-speed communication. However, all recent high-speed BCIs are synchronous, which means that the system works with fixed time slots so that the user is not able to select a command at his own convenience, which poses a problem in real-world applications. In this paper, we present the first asynchronous high-speed BCI with robust distinction between intentional control (IC) and non-control (NC), with a nearly perfect NC state detection of only 0.075 erroneous classifications per minute. The resulting asynchronous speller achieved an average information transfer rate (ITR) of 122.7 bit/min using a 32 target matrix-keyboard. Since the method is based on random stimulation patterns it allows to use an arbitrary number of targets for any application purpose, which was shown by using an 55 target German QWERTZ-keyboard layout which allowed the participants to write an average of 16.1 (up to 30.7) correct case-sensitive letters per minute. As the presented system is the first asynchronous high-speed BCI speller with a robust non-control state detection, it is an important step for moving BCI applications out of the lab and into real-life.