An analysis of the main factors affecting bullwhip in reverse supply chains
An analysis of the main factors affecting bullwhip in reverse supply chains
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.11.007
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
12
通讯作者：
Lozano, Sebastian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adenso-Diaz, Belarmino;Moreno, Placido;Lozano, Sebastian
由于牛鞭效应在供应链上游产生的效率低下，这一现象引起了供应链研究者的注意。在文献中已经确定了促进其出现的各种因素。然而，尽管目前的做法和新的环境法规增加了回收物料链的重要性，但在闭环网的背景下还没有详细研究这一现象。本文分析了正向链中牛鞭效应的显著影响因素对逆向物流环境中牛鞭效应的影响及其沿链的演化模式。为此，我们使用了一个模拟器，它将Beer Game的逻辑扩展到这种类型的环境。结果证实了所考虑的大多数因素的影响，特别是库存和在制品调整控制器，以及所使用的预测技术、环节之间的信息共享以及最终客户需求的变化性。关于具体的反向供应链因素，确定的唯一重要因素是退货单位的百分比。我们还研究了在这种闭环环境中导致牛鞭效应的经典上游增长模式的因素，观察到材料返回率的增加降低了发现增长的牛鞭模式的可能性。此外，当需求变化较低时，这种模式更有可能出现。(C)2011爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
The bullwhip effect has drawn the attention of supply chains researchers due to the inefficiencies that this phenomenon generates upstream in the supply chain. Various factors that facilitate its appearance have been identified in the literature. However, in spite of current practices and new environmental regulations having increased the importance of returned material chains, this phenomenon has not been studied in detail in the context of closed loop networks. Here we present an analysis of the influence of factors identified as significant with regard to the bullwhip effect in forward chains on the appearance of the bullwhip effect in environments of reverse logistics and its pattern of evolution along the chain. We do so by using a simulator that extends the logic of the Beer Game to this type of environment. The results confirm the influence of the majority of the factors considered, especially the stock and WIP adjustment controllers, as well as the forecasting technique used, the sharing of information among the links, and the final customer demand variability. With respect to specific reverse supply chains factors, the only significant one identified is the percentage of units returned. We have also studied the factors that in this closed loop environment give rise to the classical upstream growing pattern of the bullwhip effect, observing that an increase in the percentage of material returned reduces the likelihood of finding a growing bullwhip pattern. In addition, it is more likely for this pattern to appear when the demand variation is low. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.