HPA system regulation and adult attachment anxiety: Individual differences in reactive and awakening cortisol
HPA system regulation and adult attachment anxiety: Individual differences in reactive and awakening cortisol
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.01.013
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发表时间：
2008-06
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
M. Quirin;J. Pruessner;J. Kuhl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Quirin;J. Pruessner;J. Kuhl
在动物和人类中，早期生活经历可以影响成年期下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的调节。在人类中，它们也被证明会影响成人的依恋类型。然而，成人依恋类型与下丘脑轴调节之间的关系在很大程度上尚未被探索。本研究调查了48名成年女性不同程度的依恋焦虑和回避与皮质醇对急性应激反应（CRS）和皮质醇对觉醒反应（CRA）的关系。采用实验室应激任务诱导依恋无关应激。连续2天在实验室和家中取样压力任务前后的唾液，用于评估游离皮质醇。我们发现依恋焦虑而非依恋回避与皮质醇测量有关。依恋焦虑与CRS呈正相关，与CRA负相关。最后，这两个皮质醇参数彼此呈负相关。研究结果主要针对以下方面进行了讨论：(1)最近的研究结果表明，HPA系统和海马在关键的发育时期被编程，在整个生命中建立了一定的生理反应轨迹；(2)将海马的发育与自我发展联系起来的模型。
Early life experiences can influence hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis regulation in adulthood, in both animals and humans. In humans, they have also been shown to influence adult attachment styles. However, the relationship between adult attachment styles and HPA axis regulation is largely unexplored. The present study investigated the relationship among varying levels of attachment anxiety and avoidance with both the cortisol response to acute stress (CRS) and the cortisol response to awakening (CRA) in 48 adult women. Attachment-unrelated stress was induced by a laboratory stress task. Saliva for free cortisol assessment was sampled before and after the stress task in the laboratory and at home on 2 consecutive days in the morning after awakening. We found that attachment anxiety but not attachment avoidance was associated with cortisol measures. Attachment anxiety was positively correlated with CRS and negatively with CRA. Finally, the two cortisol parameters were negatively associated with one another. The results are discussed with respect to (1) recent findings suggesting that the HPA system and hippocampus are programmed during critical development periods, establishing a certain trajectory of physiological responsiveness throughout life, and (2) a model that links development of the hippocampus with self development.