Socioeconomic Gradients in Infant Health Across Race and Ethnicity
Socioeconomic Gradients in Infant Health Across Race and Ethnicity
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DOI：
10.1007/s10995-009-0490-1
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Nepomnyaschy, Lenna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nepomnyaschy, Lenna
本研究的目的是检查美国多个种族和族裔群体中婴儿健康的社会经济（SES）梯度。该研究基于2001年在美国出生的具有全国代表性的儿童样本（N = 8650）的数据。这些数据包括几个少数群体的超样本和一套丰富的社会经济指标，以及人口、健康和健康行为特征。在SES的几个指标（母亲教育、收入、家庭规模调整后的收入和财富）类别中，呈现了全样本儿童的低出生体重（LBW）和小胎龄（SGA）（和95% ci）的比例，并按种族/民族分类：非西班牙裔白人、非西班牙裔黑人、西班牙裔、亚洲/太平洋岛民（A/PI）和美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民（AI/AN）。白人母亲的社会经济地位与婴儿健康之间存在等级关系，亚洲和西班牙母亲的调整后收入与LBW之间存在等级关系。对于黑人或AI/AN母亲，任何SES指标与LBW或SGA都没有关系。一些少数种族/族裔群体没有像白人那样从较高的社会经济地位中获得同样的健康益处，这一发现表明，减少健康差距的方法不仅必须解决导致一些少数群体资源较少的结构性障碍，而且必须解决阻止这些群体利用这些资源来改善其家庭健康的障碍。
The objective of this study was to examine socioeconomic (SES) gradients in infant health across a number of racial and ethnic groups in the United States. The study was based on data from a new nationally representative sample of children born in the US in 2001 (N = 8,650). The data include oversamples of several minority groups and a rich set of socioeconomic indicators, as well as demographic, health, and health behavior characteristics. Proportion of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) (and 95% CIs) across categories of several indicators of SES (maternal education, income, income adjusted for family size, and wealth) was presented for the full sample of children and disaggregated by race/ethnicity: non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander (A/PI), and American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN). A graded relationship was found between all measures of SES and infant health for white mothers, and between adjusted income and LBW for Asian and Hispanic mothers. There was no relationship between any indicator of SES and either LBW or SGA for either black or AI/AN mothers. The finding that some minority racial/ethnic groups do not reap the same health benefits from higher levels of SES as do whites suggests that approaches to reducing health disparities must address not only the structural barriers that lead some minority groups to have fewer resources but also barriers that prevent these groups from taking advantage of those resources to improve the health of their families.