Fêtes et communautés urbaines dans le Japon médiéval. La fête de Gion à Kyôto
Fêtes et communautés urbaines dans le Japon médiéval. La fête de Gion à Kyôto
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中世纪日本城市的节日和社区。
DOI：
10.3406/ahess.1997.279618
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Souyri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Haruko Wakita;P. Souyri
中世纪日本的节日与城市社区：京都祗园祭。Wakita H.；;首先，Wakita Haruko论证了战后时期日本历史学家如何以及为什么忽视了中世纪城市研究领域。她以京都的社会变迁为背景，分析了天神崇拜和祗园祭的诞生和发展过程。在平安时代末期，神保护首都的人民免受传染病的侵害，祭祀由祗园的避难所管理。但在室町时代，这位神也成为了日益壮大的店主阶层的保护者。在节日期间，每年城市的人们组织游行穿过城市的街道，这样神就可以访问市中心的特定地方。祗园祭描述了争夺首都控制权的权力斗争的象征性地理。但是在15和16世纪，不断增长的城市阶级控制了游行，这也意味着他们驱逐了妇女和游行中的贱民群体，顺便说一下，这反映了现代日本社会的一个基调。
Festivals and Urban Communities in Medieval Japan: the Festival of Gion in Kyoto. Wakita H. ; ; First of all, Wakita Haruko demonstates how and why the Japanese historians of the post war period neglected the field of the urban studies during the Middle Ages. She analyses the process of the birth and growth of the cult of the deity Gozutenno and the Gion festival with the social transformations of Kyoto. During the end of the Heian period, the god protects the people of the capital against epidemic diseases and the cult is managed by the Gion's sanctuary. But the deity becomes also the protector of the growing classes of shopkeepers during the Muromachi period. During the festival, each year, the city people organize a parad through the streets of the city and so the deity can visit particular places downtown. The Gion festival describes a symbolic geography of the struggling powers for the control of the capital. But taking control of the parad by the growing urban classes during the 15th and 16th century means also that they expel women and parias groups of the festival, reflecting by the way a keynote of the modern Japanese society.