Survey of resistance to permethrin and diazinon and the use of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay to detect resistance alleles in the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (L.)
Survey of resistance to permethrin and diazinon and the use of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay to detect resistance alleles in the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (L.)
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DOI：
10.1603/0022-2585-40.6.942
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
George, JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, AY;Guerrero, FD;George, JE
2001年进行了角蝇对拟除虫菊酯类和有机磷类杀虫剂的抗药性调查，来自墨西哥塔毛利帕斯州的七个牧场和德克萨斯州中部的三个地方。用工业氯菊酯或二嗪农浸渍的滤纸用于测量对拟除虫菊酯和OP的抗性水平。多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）测定用于从这些领域的人口，以检测与拟除虫菊酯抗性相关的kdr和super-kdr等位基因的存在下，个体角蝇和突变的alphaE 7酯酶等位基因与OP抗性。相对于敏感的实验室（克尔维尔）菌株，出生的苍蝇从墨西哥表现出5.1倍至28.3倍的抗氯菊酯在LC 50，和23.8倍至136倍的抗LC 90。得克萨斯州牧场的角蝇只表现出两到五倍的抵抗力。角蝇的所有领域的人口是高度敏感的二嗪农，没有突变的alphaE 7酯酶等位基因检测。超级kdr等位基因只在墨西哥一个农场的一只苍蝇中发现。PCR检测结果表明，kdr等位基因在角蝇种群中存在不同的频率。在墨西哥角蝇中发现了kdr基因型分布的性别相关偏倚，但在德克萨斯州角蝇中没有发现。在墨西哥角蝇的总体kdr等位基因频率为23.2-37.8%，高于男性女性。回归分析显示，kdr等位基因频率和水平之间的敲低抗氯菊酯角蝇种群研究的显着相关性。这些结果验证了基于PCR的分子检测作为监测拟除虫菊酯抗性的诊断工具的作用，并且还提供了关于角蝇对拟除虫菊酯和OP抗性的群体遗传学的有用信息。
A field survey was conducted in 2001 to evaluate resistance to pyrethroid and organophosphate (OP) insecticides on horn flies, Hematobia irritans irritans (L.), from seven ranches in the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico, and from three locations in central Texas. Filter papers impregnated with either technical permethrin or diazinon were used to measure the levels of resistance to pyrethroids and OPs. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used on individual horn flies from these field populations to detect the presence of the kdr and super-kdr alleles associated with pyrethroid resistance, and a mutated alphaE7 esterase allele associated with OP resistance. Relative to a susceptible laboratory (Kerrville) strain, born flies from Mexico exhibited 5.1- to 28.3-fold resistance to permethrin at the LC50, and 23.8- to 136-fold resistance at the LC90. Horn flies from Texas ranches exhibited only two- to five-fold resistance. All field populations of the horn fly were highly susceptible to diazinon, and no mutant alphaE7 esterase alleles were detected. The super-kdr allele was found only in a single fly from a ranch in Mexico. Results of PCR assays showed that the kdr allele was present at various frequencies in field populations of horn flies. A gender-related bias in distribution of kdr genotypes was found in horn flies from Mexico, but not in horn flies from Texas. The overall kdr allelic frequencies in horn flies from Mexico were 23.2-37.8% higher in females than in males. Regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between kdr allelic frequencies and the levels of knockdown resistance to permethrin among the horn fly populations studied. The results validate the role of the PCR-based molecular assay as a diagnostic tool in monitoring resistance to pyrethroids and also provide useful information on population genetics of horn fly resistance to pyrethroids and OPs.