Labor productivity: A biophysical definition and assessment
Labor productivity: A biophysical definition and assessment
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劳动生产率：生物物理学定义和评估
DOI：
10.1007/bf00891538
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Pimentel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Giampietro;S. Bukkens;D. Pimentel
从生物物理学的角度提出了一个能量分析模型来研究劳动生产率的概念。有人认为，目前的方法定义和评估劳动生产率的工作生理学和输入/输出能量分析领域是相对较差的操作工具，评估生产率在经济和社会。我们建议采用社会而不是个人作为分析的层次，因为劳动生产率最好作为与社会技术发展相关的参数的函数进行研究。考虑的参数为：社会中使用的外体/内体能量的比率，工作/非工作人口的比率，循环能源投资的回报，以及分配给经济过程的人类时间的概况。分析了人类时间分配模式、人口结构、生活水平、技术发展和自然资源需求之间的联系。研究结果表明，在不同技术发展水平的社会中，人类劳动的作用和意义有很大差异。
A model of energy analysis is presented to study the concept of labor productivity from a biophysical perspective. It is argued that current methods of defining and assessing labor productivity in the fields of work physiology and input/output energy analysis are relatively poor operational tools for assessing productivity in the economy and society. We propose to adopt society as the hierarchical level of analysis rather than the individual, as labor productivity can best be studied as a function of parameters related to the technological development of society. Parameters considered are: the ratio exosomatic/endosomatic energy used in society, the ratio working/non-working population, the return on the circulating energy investment, and the profile of human time allocated to the economic process. The links between patterns of human time allocation, population structure, standard of living, technological development, and demand on natural resources are analyzed. The results suggest that the role and meaning of human labor differ widely in societies with different levels of technological development.