Stigma and the ethics of public health: Not can we but should we
Stigma and the ethics of public health: Not can we but should we
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.017
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Bayer, Ronald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bayer, Ronald
在20世纪的最后几十年里，一种广泛认同的观点认为，对那些已经脆弱的人的污名化为疾病的传播提供了环境，通过在照顾者和病人之间设置障碍，并对那些将进行干预以遏制疾病传播的人设置障碍，加剧了发病率和死亡率。这种观点认为，公共卫生官员如果要履行其保护社区健康的使命，就有责任抵制污名化。此外，由于污名化给那些已经处于社会不利地位的人带来了不公平的负担，污名化的过程涉及到享有尊严的人权。因此，除了寻求消除成见的工具性理由之外，还增加了一个道德关切。但是，污名化真的总是对公众健康的威胁吗？是否存在动员污名化可以有效减少与疾病和死亡有关的行为的流行的情况？如果是这样，我们应该如何考虑所涉及的人权问题？(c)2008年由爱思唯尔有限公司出版
In the closing decades of the 20th century, a broadly shared view took hold that the stigmatization of those who were already vulnerable provided the context within which diseases spread, exacerbating morbidity and mortality by erecting barriers between caregivers and those who were sick and by imposing obstacles upon those who would intervene to contain the spread of illness. In this view, it was the responsibility of public health officials to counteract stigma if they were to fulfill their mission to protect the communal health. Furthermore, because stigma imposed unfair burdens on those who were already at social disadvantage, the process of stigmatization implicated the human right to dignity. Hence, to the instrumental reason for seeking to extirpate stigma, was added a moral concern. But is it true that stigmatization always represents a threat to public health? Are there occasions when the mobilization of stigma may effectively reduce the prevalence of behaviors linked to disease and death? And if so, how ought we to think about the human rights issues that are involved? (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd.