Evolution of giant molecular clouds across cosmic time

Evolution of giant molecular clouds across cosmic time
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巨型分子云在宇宙时间内的演化

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stz3527
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Loebman, Sarah
Loebman, Sarah
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guszejnov, Dávid;Grudić, Michael Y;Offner, Stella S;Boylan-Kolchin, Michael;Faucher-Gigère, Claude-André;Wetzel, Andrew;Benincasa, Samantha M;Loebman, Sarah

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巨分子云(GMCs)在局部宇宙中得到了很好的研究,然而,由于具有挑战性的观测和计算分辨率要求,人们对它们在星系演化过程中究竟是如何变化的知之甚少。我们首次在FIRE-2 (Feedback in Realistic Environments)模拟软件中对类银河系星系和类大麦哲伦云(Large Magellanic Cloud, LMC)矮星系中的gmc进行了时间依赖性分析,这些分析具有足够的分辨率,可以自一致地预测宇宙学星系形成过程中gmc的总体特性。我们明确地表明,银河系中心以外的大多数恒星形成发生在自引力气体结构中,这些结构具有与观测到的束缚gmc一致的特性。我们发现典型的云体特性,如质量和表面密度,在一个给定的星系从它的祖先开始的宇宙演化的第一个Gyr之后,以任何系统的方式变化都不超过2倍。虽然中位数属性是恒定的,但分布的尾部可能会短暂地发生剧烈变化,从而产生非常大质量和密集的自引力气体云。一旦星系形成,我们在宇宙时间内只确定了两种系统的体积特性趋势:由以前的恒星群产生的金属丰度稳步增加,以及体积云温度的微弱下降。除了金属丰度外,我们发现类银河系和矮星系之间的云性质没有显著差异。这些结果对宇宙恒星和星团的形成具有重要意义,并对恒星初始质量函数与云性质的理论提出了强烈的约束。
Giant molecular clouds (GMCs) are well studied in the local Universe, however, exactly how their properties vary during galaxy evolution is poorly understood due to challenging resolution requirements, both observational and computational. We present the first time-dependent analysis of GMCs in a Milky Way-like galaxy and an Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC)-like dwarf galaxy of the FIRE-2 (Feedback In Realistic Environments) simulation suite, which have sufficient resolution to predict the bulk properties of GMCs in cosmological galaxy formation self-consistently. We show explicitly that the majority of star formation outside the galactic centre occurs within self-gravitating gas structures that have properties consistent with observed bound GMCs. We find that the typical cloud bulk properties such as mass and surface density do not vary more than a factor of 2 in any systematic way after the first Gyr of cosmic evolution within a given galaxy from its progenitor. While the median properties are constant, the tails of the distributions can briefly undergo drastic changes, which can produce very massive and dense self-gravitating gas clouds. Once the galaxy forms, we identify only two systematic trends in bulk properties over cosmic time: a steady increase in metallicity produced by previous stellar populations and a weak decrease in bulk cloud temperatures. With the exception of metallicity, we find no significant differences in cloud properties between the Milky Way-like and dwarf galaxies. These results have important implications for cosmological star and star cluster formation and put especially strong constraints on theories relating the stellar initial mass function to cloud properties.
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发表时间: 2017-05
影响因子: 4.8
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发表时间: 2018
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作者:
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发表时间: 2018-11
期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子: --
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2015
期刊:
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作者:
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