Me as good and me as bad: Priming the self triggers positive and negative implicit evaluations.
Me as good and me as bad: Priming the self triggers positive and negative implicit evaluations.
复制标题
我好，我也坏：启动自我会引发积极和消极的内隐评价。
DOI：
10.1037/pspp0000332
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
McCalla, Jeffrey D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zayas, Vivian;Wang, Amanda Meiyi;McCalla, Jeffrey D.
虽然人格和人类行为理论长期以来一直假设自我是情感复杂的，但广泛使用的内隐自我评价的间接测量主要集中在自我积极性的鲁棒性和文化普遍性上。这种间接措施评估从正面到负面的单一连续体的评价。因此，他们专注于自我的相对积极性，并且天生无法评估自我是否与好和坏相关联。本研究采用评价性启动任务，检验了积极的内隐自我评价与消极的内隐自我评价共存的假设。研究1和2实证表明，启动自我促进分类的积极和消极的目标（二价启动）。与此相反，复制经典的研究结果，启动一个人的意义，喜欢的对象促进了积极的目标和抑制分类的消极目标（单价启动）的分类。研究3表明，由自我启动触发的二价启动不能用其他解释（如唤醒、警觉）来解释。所有研究的荟萃分析证明了自我启动触发积极和消极的内隐评价的鲁棒性和再现性。此外，估计内隐自我评价强度异质性的测试表明，非临床健康个体的个体差异可能是有限的，可能反映了测量的局限性，内隐自我评价的性质，或两者兼而有之。总的来说，目前的工作聚焦于一个以前没有记录的效果：尽管自我的强大的净积极性，自我可靠地触发负面的内隐自我评价。内隐自我评价的概念化，评估和后果的影响进行了讨论。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2022阿帕，保留所有权利）
Although theories of personality and human behavior have long assumed that the self is affectively complex, widely used indirect measures of implicit self-evaluations have largely focused on the robustness and cultural universality of the self’s positivity. Such indirect measures assess evaluations on a single continuum, ranging from positive to negative. Thus, they focus on the self’s relative positivity and are inherently incapable of assessing whether the self is associated with good and bad. Using the well-established evaluative priming task, the present work tested the hypothesis that positive implicit self-evaluations coexist with an inkling of negative implicit self-evaluations. Studies 1 and 2 empirically demonstrated that priming the self facilitated the classification of both positive and negative targets (bivalent-priming). In contrast, replicating classic findings, priming a personally significant, liked object facilitated the classification of positive targets and inhibited the classification of negative targets (univalent-priming). Study 3 showed that the bivalent-priming triggered by self-primes cannot be explained by alternative accounts (eg, arousal, vigilance). Meta-analyses of all studies attests to the robustness and reproducibility of self-primes triggering both positive and negative implicit evaluations. Moreover, tests estimating heterogeneity in the strength of implicit self-evaluations indicated that individual differences in nonclinical, healthy individuals may be limited, possibly reflecting measurement limitations, the nature of implicit self-evaluations, or both. Overall, the present work shines a spotlight on a previously undocumented effect: Despite the self’s robust net positivity, the self reliably triggers negative implicit self-evaluations. Implications for the conceptualization, assessment, and consequences of implicit self-evaluations are discussed.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)