A survey of risk factors in carcinoma esophagus in the valley of Kashmir, Northern India
A survey of risk factors in carcinoma esophagus in the valley of Kashmir, Northern India
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DOI：
10.4103/0973-1482.80431
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Afroz, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Khan, N. A.;Teli, M. Ashraf;Afroz, F.
背景/目的：食管癌具有特殊的地理分布，在特定地理区域内发病率差异显著。目前，由于早期发现这种癌症的可能性很小，对病因的了解可能会为其一级预防提供机会。在本文中，我们试图确定饮食和其他生活方式相关因素在食管癌病因中的作用。材料与方法：入选100例确诊的食管鳞状细胞癌患者（A组），健康对照100例（B组）。在两组病例中分发了一份预先设计的问卷，涉及患者的基本资料、饮食和吸烟习惯等。对数据进行了全面分析，以确定与食管癌发展的关系。结果：A组患者男性71例，女性29例，年龄40 ~ 70岁。37%的人是农民，29%是家庭主妇。在这72%的吸烟者中，66%抽水烟。29%有阳性家族史。超过90%的人在早餐时喝盐茶。肉类消费量低，44%的人每周吃一次，42%的人每月吃一次。69%的人每年捕鱼。B组包括75名男性和25名女性，其中35.7%是水烟吸烟者。结论：社会经济地位低下导致新鲜水果、蔬菜和鱼类的摄入量减少，加上大量吸烟，可能是食管癌发生的主要危险因素。
Background/Objective: Esophageal cancer has a peculiar geographical distribution and shows marked differences in incidence within a particular geographical region. Presently, as there seems little prospect of early detection of this cancer, an understanding of the etiological factors may suggest opportunities for its primary prevention. In this paper, we have tried to determine the role of diet and other life-style related factors in the etiology of cancer of esophagus.Material and Methods: A total of 100 confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus patients were enrolled for the study (Group A). 100 healthy subjects were included as controls (Group B). A predesigned questionnaire dealing with the basic patient data, dietary and smoking habits etc. was distributed among the cases in both groups. The data was thoroughly analyzed to define an association with the development of cancer of esophagus.Results: Group A patients included 71 males and 29 females in the age range of 40-70 years. Majority 37% were farmers, 29% house wives. Of the 72% smokers, 66% smoked hookah. 29% had positive family history. More than 90% took salt-tea at breakfast. Meat consumption was low, 44% took it weekly and 42% on monthly basis. 69% took fish yearly. Group B included 75 males and 25 females of which 35.7% were hookah smokers.Conclusion: Poor socio-economic status resulting in fewer intakes of fresh fruits, vegetables and fish in addition to heavy hookah smoking are suspected to be the major risk factors for the development of esophageal cancer.