Progression of allergy and asthma through childhood to adolescence
Progression of allergy and asthma through childhood to adolescence
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DOI：
10.1136/thx.51.suppl_1.s3
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10
通讯作者：
vonMutius, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
vonMutius, E
青春期哮喘症状和支气管高反应性的减少还不清楚。也不能解释性别之间哮喘患病率和严重程度的差异，这种差异在青春期逆转。研究表明，青春期哮喘的改善可能是由于与激素变化直接相关的临床和免疫反应性降低，年龄对男女哮喘患病率的影响可能与激素状态的差异有关，可能影响气道大小、炎症、平滑肌和血管功能。然而，很少有全面的研究。总之，所有的喘息都不是哮喘。非哮喘性喘鸣疾病可能部分归因于肺的解剖学异常（短暂性早期喘鸣、早产）。关于儿童哮喘的遗传和环境决定因素知之甚少，与特应性致敏的发展相关的因素，如暴露于过敏原、传染病或生命早期的烟草烟雾，以及饮食习惯可能很重要，而空气污染的相关性仍有待确定。不幸的是，我们仍然不知道如何预防儿童哮喘的表现。
The reduction in asthma symptoms and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in adolescence is not well understood. Nor can the differences in asthma prevalence and severity between the sexes, which reverse at puberty, be explained. It has been suggested that the improvement in asthma during adolescence may result from diminished clinical and immunological responsiveness directly related to hormonal changes and that the effect of age on the prevalence of asthma in each sex may relate to differences in hormonal status, potentially influencing airway size, inflammation, and smooth muscle and vascular functions. However, few comprehensive studies are available. In summary, all wheezing is not asthma. Non-asthmatic wheezing illnesses may in part be attributable to anatomical abnormalities of the lung (transient early wheezing, premature birth). Little is known about the genetic and environmental determinants of childhood asthma, and factors related to the development of atopic sensitisation, such as exposure to allergens, infectious diseases, or tobacco smoke early in life, and dietary habits may be important, whereas the relevance of air pollution remains to be established. Unfortunately, we still do not know how to prevent the manifestation of childhood asthma.