Surveillance for Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy in Scavengers of White-Tailed Deer Carcasses in the Chronic Wasting Disease Area of Wisconsin
Surveillance for Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy in Scavengers of White-Tailed Deer Carcasses in the Chronic Wasting Disease Area of Wisconsin
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DOI：
10.1080/15287390903084249
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Hoover, Edward A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jennelle, Christopher S.;Samuel, Michael D.;Hoover, Edward A.
慢性消耗性疾病(CWD)是一种发生在宫颈的神经退行性可传播海绵状脑病(TSE)，在北美的许多州和省都有发现。CWD的感染性病原体--折叠错误的Prion通过身体残骸和排泄物沉积在环境中，构成跨物种传播的威胁。在这项研究中，从威斯康星州CWD疫区收集的812只具有代表性的哺乳动物食腐动物的组织中，使用IDEXX HerdChek酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测了TSE感染。在收集到的哺乳动物中，只有四只用ELISA法检测呈阳性，但用Western印迹法检测，这些都是阴性的。虽然我们的样本量允许检测到TSE的高概率假设在几种常见食腐动物中的种群流行率为1%(浣熊、负鼠和郊狼分别为93%、87%和87%)，但其他物种的样本量不足排除了类似的结论。人们不能排除成功地将TSE跨物种传播给食腐动物，但结果表明，这种传播在受CWD影响的威斯康星州地区并不频繁。在现场和实验室环境中都强调了进一步监测食腐动物物种的必要性，特别是那些已知易感染麻风病的物种(如猫、美国水貂、浣熊)。
Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a class of neurodegenerative transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) occurring in cervids, is found in a number of states and provinces across North America. Misfolded prions, the infectious agents of CWD, are deposited in the environment via carcass remains and excreta, and pose a threat of cross-species transmission. In this study tissues were tested from 812 representative mammalian scavengers, collected in the CWD-affected area of Wisconsin, for TSE infection using the IDEXX HerdChek enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Only four of the collected mammals tested positive using the ELISA, but these were negative when tested by Western blot. While our sample sizes permitted high probabilities of detecting TSE assuming 1% population prevalence in several common scavengers (93%, 87%, and 87% for raccoons, opossums, and coyotes, respectively), insufficient sample sizes for other species precluded similar conclusions. One cannot rule out successful cross-species TSE transmission to scavengers, but the results suggest that such transmission is not frequent in the CWD-affected area of Wisconsin. The need for further surveillance of scavenger species, especially those known to be susceptible to TSE (e.g., cat, American mink, raccoon), is highlighted in both a field and laboratory setting.