Underlying Mechanisms and Related Diseases Behind the Complex Regulatory Role of NOD-Like Receptor X1
Underlying Mechanisms and Related Diseases Behind the Complex Regulatory Role of NOD-Like Receptor X1
复制标题
NOD样受体X1复杂调控作用背后的机制及相关疾病
DOI：
10.1089/dna.2022.0051
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Xiao-Tao Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hang Shi;Zhi-Min Zhou;Lei Zhu;Lu Chen;Zan-Li Jiang;Xiao-Tao Wu
在核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域（nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain，NOD）样受体（nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain，NLR）中，NOD样受体X1（nucleotide-like receptor X1，NLRX 1）是目前已知的唯一一种靶向线粒体的NLR家族成员，它包含一个C端富含亮氨酸的重复结构域、一个中央保守的核苷酸结合结构域和一个非传统的N端效应结构域。NLRX 1具有多种功能，包括负调节I型干扰素信号、减弱促炎核因子κ B（NF-κB）信号、诱导自噬、调节活性氧产生、调节细胞死亡和参与细胞衰老。此外，由于其多种功能，NLRX 1与各种人类疾病有关，包括呼吸系统、循环系统、运动系统、泌尿系统、神经系统和消化系统等。然而，NLRX 1在许多相关疾病中的确切调控机制仍不清楚，因为在以往的研究中关于NLRX 1的问题仍然存在争议。本文综述了近年来NLRX 1复杂调控机制及其相关疾病的研究进展，以期为相关疾病的预防和/或治疗提供新的靶点。
Among nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), NOD-like receptor X1 (NLRX1) is the only known NLR family member that is targeted to the mitochondria, which contains a C-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain, a central conserved nucleotide-binding domain, and an unconventional N-terminal effector domain. It is unique due to several atypical features, such as mitochondrial localization, noninflammasome forming, and relatively undefined N-terminal domain.NLRX1has multiple functions, including negative regulation of type-I interferon signaling, attenuation of proinflammatory nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, autophagy induction, modulation of reactive oxygen species production, cell death regulation, and participating in cellular senescence. In addition, due to its diverse functions,NLRX1has been associated with various human diseases, including respiratory, circulatory, motor, urinary, nervous, and digestive systems, to name but a few. However, the exact regulatory mechanisms ofNLRX1are still unclear in many related diseases since conflicting and controversial topics onNLRX1in the previous studies remain. In this review, we review recent research advances on the underlying mechanisms and related disorders behind the complex regulatory role ofNLRX1, which may provide a promising target to prevent and/or treat the corresponding diseases.