Temperature affects both the Grinnellian and Eltonian dimensions of ecological niches - A tale of two Arctic wolf spiders
Temperature affects both the Grinnellian and Eltonian dimensions of ecological niches - A tale of two Arctic wolf spiders
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DOI：
10.1016/j.baae.2021.01.001
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发表时间：
2021-01-07
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
O'Gorman, Eoin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eitzinger, Bernhard;Roslin, Tomas;O'Gorman, Eoin J.
为了更好地了解全球变暖对物种及其分布的影响，我们需要研究量化环境变化如何影响社区和相互作用网络。迄今为止的研究主要集中在气候对物种分布的影响（Grinnellian维度的生态位），最近的研究强调了环境如何塑造物种之间的生态相互作用（Eltonian维度）。在这里，我们探索两个维度的系统组成的两个狼蛛物种Pardosa palustris和Pirata piraticus和他们的猎物。利用自然实验组成的差异地热加热的土壤，我们描述了温度对每个物种的丰度及其与猎物的相互作用（使用肠内容物的metabarcoding）的影响。这两种蜘蛛物种的格林内利生态位有很大的不同，沼泽蜘蛛的丰度在10摄氏度左右达到峰值，海盗蜘蛛的丰度在22摄氏度左右达到峰值。虽然P. piraticus消耗更多的猎物类群比P. palustris平均，这两种捕食者保持其饮食的广度和类群丰富度的消耗猎物的温度梯度。这表明温度对代谢需求的影响并没有改变这两种捕食者的饮食专业化。然而，我们也检测到温度对Eltonian生态位的影响，两种蜘蛛物种在温度梯度上消耗的猎物群落发生了显着变化，随着土壤温度的升高，猎物类群在其饮食中的营业额也会增加。重要的是，这表明物种的Eltonian生态位可能是有条件的环境，因此，气候变化可能会改变通才捕食者的猎物使用。(c)2021 Gesellschaft fur okologie.由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。All rights reserved.
To better understand the consequences of global warming for species and their distribution, we need studies quantifying how environmental change affects communities and interaction networks. Where studies to date have mainly focused on climatic effects on species distribution (the Grinnellian dimension of the niche), recent research has emphasised how the environment shapes ecological interactions among species (the Eltonian dimension).Here, we explore both dimensions in a system consisting of two wolf spider species Pardosa palustris and Pirata piraticus and their prey. Drawing on a natural experiment consisting of differential geothermal heating of soil, we describe the effects of temperature on the abundance of each species and on its interactions with its prey (using metabarcoding of gut contents). The two spider species differed substantially in their Grinnellian niche, with a peak in the abundance of P. palustris around 10 degrees C and in P. piraticus around 22 degrees C. While P. piraticus consumed more prey taxa on average than did P. palustris, both predators maintained their diet breadth and taxon richness of consumed prey across the temperature gradient. This indicates that effects of temperature on metabolic demands did not alter the dietary specialisation of the two predators. Nevertheless, we did also detect effects of temperature on the Eltonian niche, with significant changes in the prey community consumed by the two spider species across the temperature gradient, and a greater turnover of prey taxa in their diet with increasing soil temperature. Importantly, this suggests that the Eltonian niche of species may be conditional on the environment, and that prey use by generalist predators may thus be modified by climate change. (c) 2021 Gesellschaft fur okologie. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.