Hydropower, Social Capital, Community Impacts, and Self‐Rated Health in the Amazon*
Hydropower, Social Capital, Community Impacts, and Self‐Rated Health in the Amazon*
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DOI：
10.1111/ruso.12419
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Adam Mayer;M. Lopez;Igor Cavallini Johansen;E. Moran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adam Mayer;M. Lopez;Igor Cavallini Johansen;E. Moran
近几十年来，全球南方国家迅速发展水电项目，其中最引人注目的是巴西和中国。这些项目对社会和生态系统的影响早已有据可查，但水电对人类福祉和健康的影响尚未得到充分理解。在本文中，我们研究了八个巴西亚马逊社区在马德拉河流域，附近的Jirau和圣安东尼奥大坝（样本量：536户）。我们评估社区资源，社会资本和重新安置的经验如何影响这些社区的自测健康。结果表明，大坝使社区资源和社会资本紧张，这与自我评价的健康状况下降有关。特别是，认知社会资本（即，信任度）在大坝建成后降低。安置和补偿的效果更加细致和合格。这项工作表明，水电项目对所在地区人口的福祉和健康产生了广泛的有害影响，水坝开发商需要更好地指导努力，以减少这些负面影响。
Nations in the global South have developed hydropower projects at a rapid pace in recent decades, most notably Brazil and China. These projects have long‐documented impacts on social and ecological systems, yet the implications of hydropower for human well‐being and health are not fully understood. In this paper, we examine eight Brazilian Amazon communities in the Madeira river basin, near the Jirau and Santo Antônio dams (sample size: 536 households). We evaluate how impacts on community resources, social capital, and the experience of resettlement influence self‐rated health in these communities. Results suggest that the dams strained community resources and social capital, which were associated with reductions in self‐rated health. In particular, cognitive social capital (i.e., trust) is lower after the dams' construction. The effect of resettlement and compensation is more nuanced and qualified. This work suggests that hydropower projects have broad deleterious impacts on well‐being and health of human populations in hosting regions and that better directed efforts are required on the part of dam developers to reduce these negative outcomes.