Chlorophyll fluorescence as a nonintrusive indicator for rapid assessment of in vivo photosynthesis
Chlorophyll fluorescence as a nonintrusive indicator for rapid assessment of in vivo photosynthesis
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-79354-7_3
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
U. Schreiber;W. Bilger;C. Neubauer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
U. Schreiber;W. Bilger;C. Neubauer
在过去，生态生理导向的光合作用研究一直由气体交换测量控制，主要涉及用于同时检测CO2吸收和H2O蒸发的复杂（和昂贵）系统（参见，例如，Field等人，1989）。在这些方法的帮助下，已经获得了原位光合作用的基础知识。只是最近，在开发用于非侵入性评估体内光合作用的替代实用方法方面取得了进展，这些方法不仅具有评估总体量子产率和能力的潜力，而且还允许深入了解生化部分反应和激发能的分配（参见例如Snel和货车Kooten 1990）。因此，光合作用的研究在调节过程的水平已大大刺激，导致重要的新概念（见评论Foyer等1990; Demmig-Adams 1990; Melis 1991;艾伦1992）。特别是叶绿素荧光已发展成为一个非常有用的和信息指示光合电子传递在完整的叶片，藻类，和孤立的叶绿体（Briantais等1986; Renger和Schreiber 1986; Schreiber和Bilger 1987，1992; Krause和Weis 1991;叶绿素荧光提供了一个大的信号，它可以在离所研究的样品一定距离处测量。此外，高选择性的调制荧光计现在是可用的，利用该荧光计可以在全日光下测量荧光产率，并且该荧光计体积小且功耗低，使得它们非常适合于现场测量。作为在许多实验室中深入研究的结果，现在可获得荧光信息可被定量分析和评估的方法，从而可获得量子产率和相对电子传输速率。计算机化的系统可使用户从繁琐的测量方案和从荧光数据导出的相关参数的计算中解脱出来。因此，生态生理学家提供了一个方便的替代气体交换测量。本章不是对叶绿素荧光和最近发表的大量关于这一主题的文献的另一个一般性综述（对于
In the past, ecophysiologically oriented photosynthesis research has been governed by gas-exchange measurements, mainly involving sophisticated (and costly) systems for simultaneous detection of CO2 uptake and H20 evaporation (see, eg, Field et al. 1989). With the help of these methods, fundamental knowledge on in situ photosynthesis has been gained. Only recently, progress has been made in the development of alternative practical methods for nonintrusive assessment of in vivo photosynthesis which have the potential of not only evaluating overall quantum yield and capacity, but also allowing insights into the biochemical partial reactions and the partitioning of excitation energy (see, eg, Snel and van Kooten 1990). As a consequence, photosynthesis research at the level of regulatory processes has been greatly stimulated, leading to important new concepts (see reviews by Foyer et al. 1990; Demmig-Adams 1990; Melis 1991; Allen 1992). In particular, chlorophyll fluorescence has evolved as a very useful and informative indicator for photosynthetic electron transport in intact leaves, algae, and isolated chloroplasts (reviews by Briantais et al. 1986; Renger and Schreiber 1986; Schreiber and Bilger 1987, 1992; Krause and Weis 1991; Karukstis 1991).Chlorophyll fluorescence provides a large signal, which can be measured at some distance from the sample investigated. Furthermore, highly selective modulation fluorometers are now available, with which fluorescence yield can be measured in full sunlight, and which are small and low in power consumption, such that they are well suited for field measurements. As a result of intensive research in a number of laboratories, methods are now available by which the fluorescence information can be quantitatively analyzed and evaluated such that quantum yields and relative electron transport rates can be obtained. Computerized systems are available which relieve the user from tedious measuring protocols and calculations of the relevant parameters derived from fluorescence data. Hence, ecophysiologists are offered a convenient alternative to gas exchange measurements. The present chapter is not another general review on chlorophyll fluorescence and the large amount of literature published recently on this topic (for