Matrix scaffolding for stem cell guidance toward skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
Matrix scaffolding for stem cell guidance toward skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13018-016-0421-y
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发表时间：
2016-07-27
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Gargioli C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuoco C;Petrilli LL;Cannata S;Gargioli C
细胞外基质（ECM）由多种纤维结构蛋白和糖胺聚糖组成。这种重要的细胞成分不仅为细胞提供支持，而且还积极参与细胞-细胞相互作用、增殖、迁移和分化，因此，不再仅仅是细胞的静态结构支架，而是动态和多功能的隔室。这一方面导致需要研究新的生物启发的支架或生物材料，能够模仿ECM组织工程。这一新的研究领域在骨骼肌组织再生中找到了特别的应用，因为这种复杂的组织在严重损伤后无法恢复肌肉体积损失（VML）。通常，这是创伤事件、肿瘤消融或导致大量组织（包括结缔组织和基底膜）破坏的病理状态的结果。因此，骨骼肌组织工程是克服这一问题的有效选择。在这里，我们描述了一系列天然和合成的生物材料作为ECM模拟物，因为它们能够通过促进肌源性干细胞分化来重建正确的肌肉干细胞生态位，从而积极影响肌肉修复。
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of many types of fibrous structural proteins and glycosaminoglycans. This important cell component not only provides a support for cells but is also actively involved in cell-cell interaction, proliferation, migration, and differentiation, representing, therefore, no longer only a mere static structural scaffold for cells but rather a dynamic and versatile compartment. This aspect leads to the need for investigating new bio-inspired scaffolds or biomaterials, able to mimic ECM in tissue engineering. This new field of research finds particular employment in skeletal muscle tissue regeneration, due to the inability of this complex tissue to recover volumetric muscle loss (VML), after severe injury. Usually, this is the result of traumatic incidents, tumor ablations, or pathological states that lead to the destruction of a large amount of tissue, including connective tissue and basement membrane. Therefore, skeletal muscle tissue engineering represents a valid alternative to overcome this problem. Here, we described a series of natural and synthetic biomaterials employed as ECM mimics for their ability to recreate the correct muscle stem cell niche, by promoting myogenic stem cell differentiation and so, positively affecting muscle repair.