Prevalence of hearing loss and accuracy of self-report among factory workers
Prevalence of hearing loss and accuracy of self-report among factory workers
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DOI：
10.4103/1463-1741.85504
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Lusk, Sally L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCullagh, Marjorie C.;Raymond, Delbert;Lusk, Sally L.
噪音是最常见的职业健康危害之一。2020年健康人目标旨在减少噪音暴露公众的听力损失。本研究的目的是描述和比较感知和测量的听力，并确定一组工厂工人的听力损失的患病率。收集的数据作为干预研究的一部分，促进听力保护器的使用工人在中西部。工厂员工（n=2691）提供了有关他们的感知听力，工作角色和其他人口统计信息。使用卡方检验、McNemars检验、Mann-Whitney U检验、敏感性和特异性探讨听力图（感知听力的单项测量）与人口统计学数据之间的关系。暴露于噪声的工厂工人中听力损失的患病率为42（其中听力损失定义为在OSHA推荐的2、3和4 kHz频率下任一耳听力损失> 25 dB）。然而，76名工人报告他们的听力为优秀或良好。在每个测试频率下，有听力损失和没有听力损失的人之间感知听力的差异是显着的。自我报告的听力与测听结果相关性较差。虽然这组工人受雇于一个受管制的环境，并通过听力保护计划，听力损失是非常普遍的。这些发现，加上国家患病率估计，支持听力保护计划的评估需要，并增加对减少成人听力损失的国家目标的关注。
Noise represents one of the most common occupational health hazards. A Healthy People 2020 objective aims to reduce hearing loss in the noise-exposed public. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare perceived and measured hearing, and to determine the prevalence of hearing loss among a group of factory workers. Data collected as part of an intervention study promoting hearing protector use among workers at an automotive factory in the Midwest were used. Plant employees (n=2691) provided information regarding their perceived hearing ability, work role, and other demographics. The relationships among audiograms, a single-item measure of perceived hearing ability, and demographic data were explored using chi-square, McNemars test, Mann-Whitney U-test, sensitivity, and specificity. The prevalence of hearing loss among noise-exposed factory workers was 42 (where hearing loss was defined as > 25 dB loss at the OSHA-recommended frequencies of 2, 3, and 4 kHz in either ear). However, 76 of workers reported their hearing ability as excellent or good. The difference in perceived hearing ability was significant at each tested frequency between those with and without measured hearing loss. Self-reported hearing ability was poorly related to results of audiometry. Although this group of workers was employed in a regulated environment and served by a hearing conservation program, hearing loss was highly prevalent. These findings, together with national prevalence estimates, support the need for evaluation of hearing conservation programs and increased attention to the national goal of reducing adult hearing loss.