Acetylated Nanocellulose for Single-Component Bioinks and Cell Proliferation on 3D-Printed Scaffolds
Acetylated Nanocellulose for Single-Component Bioinks and Cell Proliferation on 3D-Printed Scaffolds
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00527
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Rojas, Orlando J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ajdary, Rubina;Huan, Siqi;Rojas, Orlando J.
鉴于纳米纤维素与细胞外基质的相似性，纳米纤维素已被证明是用于细胞培养的合适材料。利用剪切稀化行为，纳米纤维素适合三维（3D）打印成支持细胞附着和增殖的支架。在这里，我们提出了一个低取代度的乙酰化纳米纤维素的水悬浮液的直接墨水书写（DM）。这得益于前体纤维素纤维的非均相乙酰化，这简化了它们的解构并赋予DIW挤出所需的特性。因此，将相关3D打印结构的形态及其在干燥和再润湿过程中的性能以及与活细胞的相互作用与由典型的未改性和TEMPO氧化的纳米纤维素产生的那些进行比较。我们发现，需要显著较低浓度的乙酰化纳米原纤维来获得具有类似性能的生物墨水，从而提供更多的多孔结构。加上其高表面电荷和轴向特征，乙酰化纳米纤维素可产生尺寸稳定的整体支架，支持包装和灭菌所需的干燥和再湿润。考虑到它们在心脏装置中的潜在用途，我们讨论了支架与心脏成肌细胞的相互作用。证明了21天的附着、增殖和活力。总的来说，乙酰化纳米纤维素生物墨水的性能为适用于细胞过程和组织工程研究的支架的可靠和大规模制造提供了可能性。
Nanocellulose has been demonstrated as a suitable material for cell culturing, given its similarity to extracellular matrices. Taking advantage of the shear thinning behavior, nanocellulose suits three-dimensional (3D) printing into scaffolds that support cell attachment and proliferation. Here, we propose aqueous suspensions of acetylated nanocellulose of a low degree of substitution for direct ink writing (DM). This benefits from the heterogeneous acetylation of precursor cellulosic fibers, which eases their deconstruction and confers the characteristics required for extrusion in DIW. Accordingly, the morphology of related 3D printed architectures and their performance during drying and rewetting as well as interactions with living cells are compared with those produced from typical unmodified and TEMPO-oxidized nanocelluloses. We find that a significantly lower concentration of acetylated nanofibrils is needed to obtain bioinks of similar performance, affording more porous structures. Together with their high surface charge and axial aspect, acetylated nanocellulose produces dimensionally stable monolithic scaffolds that support drying and rewetting, required for packaging and sterilization. Considering their potential uses in cardiac devices, we discuss the interactions of the scaffolds with cardiac myoblast cells. Attachment, proliferation, and viability for 21 days are demonstrated. Overall, the performance of acetylated nanocellulose bioinks opens the possibility for reliable and scaleup fabrication of scaffolds appropriate for studies on cellular processes and for tissue engineering.