[A systematic review of working hours and mental health burden].
[A systematic review of working hours and mental health burden].
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DOI：
10.1539/sangyoeisei.48.87
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tanaka, Yayoi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujino, Yoshihisa;Horie, Seichi;Tanaka, Yayoi
人们越来越担心日本工人的心理健康问题可能会增加。这一趋势被普遍认为是日本长期经济萧条和工作环境变化的反映。事实上，与精神健康疾病相关的工伤事故索赔近年来一直在迅速增加。众所周知，工作时间、个人关系、主管/同事的支持、工作需求、工作控制和报酬会影响工人的心理健康。 2004年，政府公布了一项解决工作场所过度劳累和心理健康问题的指导方针。该指南明确，长时间加班是一个主要指标，鼓励每月加班超过100小时的工人去看职业医师。该指南考虑了工作场所职业健康的实际情况以及长时间工作可能与工人心理健康状况相关的经验知识。可以合理地假设，长时间工作会影响工人的心理和生理健康状况，并与各种职业因素（特别是工作压力）相互作用。然而，工作时间与工人心理健康状况之间的关系尚未完全阐明。本文旨在对工作时间与心理健康问题之间的关联进行系统回顾。作者使用 PubMed 对已发表的有关工作时间与心理健康问题之间关系的文献进行了系统回顾。在审查的 131 份摘要和引文中，17 项研究符合预定标准。其中十个是纵向研究，其他是横断面研究。 17 项研究中有 7 项报告了工作时间与心理健康问题之间存在统计学上的显着关联，而其他研究则报告没有关联。此外，这些研究之间的比较很困难，因为使用了多种工作时间测量方法。本次审查发现工作时间与心理健康负担之间的关联结果不一致。
There is growing concern over the possible increase in mental health problems among Japanese workers. This trend is generally regarded as a reflection of Japan's prolonged economic depression and changes in working environment. In fact, claims for compensation for industrial accidents related to mental health diseases have been rapidly increasing in recent years. Working hours, personal-relationships, support from supervisors/co-workers, job demand, job control, and payment are known to affect workers mental health. In 2004, the Government announced a guideline to combat overwork and mental health problems at work places. This guideline articulates that long overtime working is a major indicator, and workers who work over 100 h overtime in a month should be encouraged to see an occupational physician. This guideline takes into account the practicalities of occupational health at work places and the empiric knowledge that long working hours might associate with workers mental health status. It may be reasonable to assume that long working hours affect workers health status both psychologically and physiologically, interacting with a variety of occupational factors, particularly job stress. However, the association between working hours and workers mental health status has not been fully clarified. The present article aimed to provide a systematic review of the association between working hours and mental health problems. The authors conducted a systematic review of the published literature on the association between working hours and mental health problems using PubMed. Of 131 abstracts and citations reviewed, 17 studies met the predefined criteria. Ten of these are longitudinal studies, and the others are cross-sectional studies. Seven of the 17 studies report statistically significant associations between working hours and mental health problems, while the others report no association. In addition, comparison among these studies is difficult because a variety of measurements of working hours were used. The present review found inconsistent results in the association between working hours and mental health burden.