How should cultural diversity be measured? An application using the French publishing industry
How should cultural diversity be measured? An application using the French publishing industry
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文化多样性应该如何衡量？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Stéphanie Peltier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Benhamou;Stéphanie Peltier
尽管“文化多样性”的概念没有明确的定义，但十多年来它一直是一个核心问题（世贸组织、教科文组织等）。本文的目的就是开始填补这一空白。我们认为，文化多样性是一个多维度的概念，准确的衡量标准必须依赖于三个标准：多样性，平衡和差异。我们还强调，必须区分供应和消费的多样性。我们采用这一套多样性的多种措施，在1990-2003年期间为法国公布的数据。我们的主要结果是，出版业在文化多样性方面的情况在很大程度上取决于所考虑的维度。因此，当多样性是唯一的考虑因素时，多样性会增加，而考虑平衡或差异会导致相反的结论。这一问题提出了一系列关于在有关促进文化多样性的政策辩论中使用多样性措施的问题。
Despite the lack of a clear definition of the concept, “cultural diversity” has remained a core issue for more than a decade (WTO, UNESCO, etc.). The aim of this paper is to begin to fill this gap. We argue that cultural diversity is a multi-dimensional concept and that accurate metrics must rely on three criteria: variety, balance and disparity. We also stress that supplied and consumed diversity have to be distinguished. We apply this set of multiple measures of diversity to publishing data for France over the period 1990–2003. Our main result is that the situation of the publishing industry in terms of cultural diversity is highly dependent on the dimension considered. Hence, diversity increases when variety is the sole consideration, whereas taking balance or disparity into account leads to the opposite conclusion. This issue raises a series of questions about the use of diversity measures in a policy debate concerned with furthering cultural diversity.