Beliefs Underlying Messages of Anti-Cancer-Screening Websites in Japan: A Qualitative Analysis.
Beliefs Underlying Messages of Anti-Cancer-Screening Websites in Japan: A Qualitative Analysis.
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DOI：
10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.2.427
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发表时间：
2018-02-26
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kiuchi T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Okuhara T;Ishikawa H;Okada M;Kato M;Kiuchi T
日本的癌症筛查率低于西方国家。与此同时，反癌症筛查活动人士在互联网上传播他们的信息，即癌症筛查几乎没有效果，会带来巨大的健康风险，如辐射暴露的副作用，人们应该放弃癌症筛查。我们应用定性的方法来探索抗癌筛查网站传递的信息背后的信念，重点是向持有这些信息的人提供的感知价值。我们使用谷歌日本和雅虎！进行了在线搜索。日本，目标网站，我们归类为“亲”，“反对”，或“中立”根据他们的声明。我们使用了双重分析方法--归纳主题分析和演绎解释分析--对反网站的文本数据进行分析。在分析的88个网站中，确定了与信仰相对应的五个主题：破坏常识、否认标准的癌症控制、关于正确癌症控制的教育、关于隐藏真相的教育以及只有我知道真相的优越感。反网站的作者将他们的信仰归因于两种价值观(“人的安全”和“自尊”)。抗癌筛查网站的作者应该有很强的信念。更好的做法是针对癌症筛查宣传，而不是直接筛查拒绝筛查的人，而是筛查犹豫不决的人，他们更容易改变对筛查的态度。讨论了说服他们的可能方法。
Cancer screening rates are lower in Japan than in Western countries. Meanwhile, anti-cancer-screening activists take to the internet to spread their messages that cancer screening has little or no efficacy, poses substantial health risks such as side effects from radiation exposure, and that people should forgo cancer screening. We applied a qualitative approach to explore the beliefs underlying the messages of anti-cancer-screening websites, by focusing on perceived value the beliefs provided to those who held them. We conducted online searches using Google Japan and Yahoo! Japan, targeting websites we classified as “pro,” “anti,” or “neutral” depending on their claims. We applied a dual analytic approach- inductive thematic analysis and deductive interpretative analysis- to the textual data of the anti websites. Of the 88 websites analyzed, five themes that correspond to beliefs were identified: destruction of common knowledge, denial of standard cancer control, education about right cancer control, education about hidden truths, and sense of superiority that only I know the truth. Authors of anti websites ascribed two values (“safety of people” and “self-esteem”) to their beliefs. The beliefs of authors of anti-cancer-screening websites were supposed to be strong. It would be better to target in cancer screening promotion not outright screening refusers but screening hesitant people who are more amenable to changing their attitudes toward screening. The possible means to persuade them were discussed.