Multiple electron pumping
Multiple electron pumping
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DOI：
10.1140/epjqt/s40507-023-00203-z
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发表时间：
2023-10
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
M. Blumenthal;Declan Mahony;Salahuddeen Ahmad;Dominique Gouveia;H. Howe;H. Beere;Thomas Mitchel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Blumenthal;Declan Mahony;Salahuddeen Ahmad;Dominique Gouveia;H. Howe;H. Beere;Thomas Mitchel
以高精度和高保真度泵送单电子的需求导致了一系列不同泵和十字转门设计的开发。先前的泵浦机制均已证明，每个周期泵浦多个电子会降低所测量电流的量化。每个周期多个电子的不可靠传输限制了电子量子光学实验中按需单电子源的使用。我们提出了高度量子化的电流，每个周期泵送多个电子。我们通过实验证明，在我们的泵中，每个周期电子吞吐量的增加不会导致产生的电流的精度明显下降。我们的泵是在铝砷化镓二维电子气中实现的，其中电子在施加的源极-漏极电压的影响下通过一维分栅限制电势泵送，并且泵由梯形任意波形驱动。分栅电势、偏置和梯形波形的这种组合导致了对鲁棒量子化平台的观察，其中每个周期不仅泵送单个电子，而且还泵送多个整数数量的电子，具有高度鲁棒性，并且不需要磁场。对于每个周期七个电子，我们报告说，在传统泵浦状态下运行的器件的泵浦精度增加了两个数量级以上，而在我们所说的长平台状态下运行的泵浦，在分栅泵施加电压的变化下获得的状态。该泵将直接用于量子输运测量，其中不需要每个周期泵送的单个电子的计量精度，并且每个电子周期的低吞吐量受到限制。
The need to pump single electrons with a high degree of accuracy and fidelity has led to the development of a range of different pump and turnstile designs. Previous pumping mechanisms have all demonstrated that pumping more than one electron per cycle degrades the quantisation of the measured current. This unreliable delivery of multiple electrons per cycle has limited the use of on-demand single electron sources in electron quantum optic experiments. We present highly quantised current with multiple electrons pumped per cycle. We experimentally demonstrate that in our pumps an increase in electron throughput per cycle does not lead to an appreciable degradation in the accuracy of the produced current.Our pump is realised in an aluminium gallium arsenide two-dimensional electron gas, where electrons are pumped through a one-dimensional split-gate confinement potential under the influence of an applied source-drain voltage, and where the pump is driven by a trapezoidal arbitrary waveform. This combination of a split-gate potential,bias and trapezoidal wave form has led to the observation of robust quantised plateaus where not just a single electron, but a multiple integer number of electrons are pumped per cycle with a high degree of robustness and without the need of a magnetic field. For seven electrons per cycle, we report an increase of over two orders of magnitude in pumping accuracy fromin devices operating in the conventional pumping regime, toin pumps operating in what we call the long plateau regime, a regime accessed under a change in a split-gate pumps appliedvoltage. This pump will find direct use in quantum transport measurements where the metrological accuracy of single electrons pumped per cycle is not required and the low throughput per cycle of electrons is limiting.