Controlling the lithiation-induced strain and charging rate in nanowire electrodes by coating.
Controlling the lithiation-induced strain and charging rate in nanowire electrodes by coating.
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DOI：
10.1021/nn200770p
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发表时间：
2011-05
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
L. Zhang;Xiao Hua Liu;Yang Liu;Shan Huang;Ting Zhu;L. Gui;S. Mao;Zhi Ye;Chong-Min Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Zhang;Xiao Hua Liu;Yang Liu;Shan Huang;Ting Zhu;L. Gui;S. Mao;Zhi Ye;Chong-Min Wang
先进的电池系统对于从便携式电子产品到电动汽车的广泛应用至关重要。锂离子电池是目前性能最好的电池，但由于容量、充电率和循环性能的限制，它们不能满足更苛刻的应用要求。这些限制的一个主要原因是电极中的锂离子诱导应变(LIS)，它可能导致高应力、断裂和容量损失。在这里，我们报道，通过使用涂层策略，SnO(2)纳米线电极的充电速度和LIS都可以显著改变。包覆碳、铝或铜的SnO(2)纳米线的充电速度大约是未包覆的纳米线的10倍。有趣的是，涂层纳米线的径向膨胀被完全抑制，导致反应前沿的拉应力大大降低，这一点从没有位错的形成中可见一斑。这些改进归功于涂层的有效电子传导和机械约束。我们的工作表明，纳米工程涂层能够同时控制电极的电气和机械行为，为建立更好的LIBS指明了一条有希望的途径。
The advanced battery system is critically important for a wide range of applications, from portable electronics to electric vehicles. Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are presently the best performing ones, but they cannot meet requirements for more demanding applications due to limitations in capacity, charging rate, and cyclability. One leading cause of those limitations is the lithiation-induced strain (LIS) in electrodes that can result in high stress, fracture, and capacity loss. Here we report that, by utilizing the coating strategy, both the charging rate and LIS of SnO(2) nanowire electrodes can be altered dramatically. The SnO(2) nanowires coated with carbon, aluminum, or copper can be charged about 10 times faster than the noncoated ones. Intriguingly, the radial expansion of the coated nanowires was completely suppressed, resulting in enormously reduced tensile stress at the reaction front, as evidenced by the lack of formation of dislocations. These improvements are attributed to the effective electronic conduction and mechanical confinement of the coatings. Our work demonstrates that nanoengineering the coating enables the simultaneous control of electrical and mechanical behaviors of electrodes, pointing to a promising route for building better LIBs.