A spatiotemporal analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on child abuse and neglect in the city of Los Angeles, California
A spatiotemporal analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on child abuse and neglect in the city of Los Angeles, California
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104740
复制
发表时间：
2021-05-24
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Pachl, Layne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barboza, Gia E.;Schiamberg, Lawrence B.;Pachl, Layne
背景资料：严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19）造成了在公共卫生危机期间识别儿童虐待和忽视（CAN）并有效分配资源以改善应对协调的迫切需要。目的：提供与COVID-19结果相关的CAN时空分布的独特见解，并确定在大流行期间CAN增加或减少的区域。参与者：向洛杉矶警察局报告CAN的18岁以下儿童。设置：洛杉矶市的CAN事件。方法：负二项回归用于探索COVID-19期间实施社交距离协议与报告的CAN之间的关联。时空分析确定了大流行期间新出现的热点和冷点的位置。邻里结构因素之间的关联（例如，对辍学、贫穷、失业、住房无保障和出生资产）以及热点和冷点模式进行了探讨。结果如下：在COVID-19疫情期间，CAN的报告在统计上显著下降，但在实施社交距离措施（例如在家更安全的命令，学校关闭）后没有显著趋势。与连续的冷点相比，严重的住房负担、儿童出生时的资产数量、贫困、辍学和劳动力参与率与COVID-19大流行期间新的和加剧的CAN热点显著相关。我们的研究结果加强了制定干预战略的效用，通过将资源用于承受COVID的家庭所面临的具体挑战，最大限度地减少对儿童的伤害19体验.
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19) has created an urgent need to identify child abuse and neglect (CAN) and efficiently allocate resources to improve the coordination of responses during a public health crisis. Objective: To provide unique insights into the spatial and temporal distribution of CAN in relation to COVID-19 outcomes and identify areas where CAN has increased or decreased during the pandemic.Participants: Children under 18 years old reported to the Los Angeles Police Department for CAN.Setting: CAN incidents in the city of Los Angeles.Methods: Negative binomial regression was used to explore associations between the implementation of social distancing protocols and reported CAN during COVID-19. Spatiotemporal analysis identified locations of emerging hot and cold spots during the pandemic. Associations between neighborhood structural factors (e.g., school absenteeism, poverty, unemployment, housing insecurity and birth assets) and hot and cold spot patterns were explored. Results: There was a statistically significant decline in reports of CAN during the COVID-19 pandemic but no significant trends following the implementation of social distancing measures (e.g. safer at home orders, school closures). Compared to consecutive cold spots, severe housing burden, the number of assets children have at birth, poverty, school absenteeism and labor force participation were significantly associated with new and intensifying hotspots of CAN during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusions: Our findings reinforce the utility of developing intervention strategies that minimize harm to children by targeting resources to specific challenges facing families enduring the COVID19 experience.