Non-coding RNAs: multi-tasking molecules in the cell.
Non-coding RNAs: multi-tasking molecules in the cell.
复制标题
非编码 RNA：细胞中的多任务分子。
DOI：
10.3390/ijms140816010
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发表时间：
2013-07-31
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Soares H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gomes AQ;Nolasco S;Soares H
在过去的几年中，越来越清楚的是，哺乳动物的转录组是高度复杂的，包括大量的小的非编码RNA（sncRNA）和长的非编码RNA（lncRNA）。本文综述了短干扰RNA（siRNA）、微小RNA（miRNAs）和PIWI相互作用RNA（piRNAs）这三类sncRNA的生物合成途径。这些ncRNA已被广泛研究，并参与导致特定基因沉默和保护基因组免受病毒和转座子等的途径。此外，lncRNA已成为基因表达的转录和转录后调节的关键分子，这是由其组织特异性表达模式、亚细胞分布和发育调节支持的。因此，我们也关注它们在分化和发展中的作用。SncRNA和lncRNA在定义DNA甲基化模式以及染色质重塑中起关键作用，因此在表观遗传学中具有实质性影响。在它们的生物合成途径和功能作用中的一些重叠的鉴定提出了这样的假设，即这些分子在体内发挥协同作用，产生复杂的调控网络，其中与调控蛋白的合作是必要的。我们还强调了sncRNA和lncRNA在人类疾病如癌症中的生物发生和基因表达失调的影响。
In the last years it has become increasingly clear that the mammalian transcriptome is highly complex and includes a large number of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Here we review the biogenesis pathways of the three classes of sncRNAs, namely short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). These ncRNAs have been extensively studied and are involved in pathways leading to specific gene silencing and the protection of genomes against virus and transposons, for example. Also, lncRNAs have emerged as pivotal molecules for the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression which is supported by their tissue-specific expression patterns, subcellular distribution, and developmental regulation. Therefore, we also focus our attention on their role in differentiation and development. SncRNAs and lncRNAs play critical roles in defining DNA methylation patterns, as well as chromatin remodeling thus having a substantial effect in epigenetics. The identification of some overlaps in their biogenesis pathways and functional roles raises the hypothesis that these molecules play concerted functions in vivo, creating complex regulatory networks where cooperation with regulatory proteins is necessary. We also highlighted the implications of biogenesis and gene expression deregulation of sncRNAs and lncRNAs in human diseases like cancer.
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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