Proposal for the search for new spin interactions at the micrometer scale using diamond quantum sensors
Proposal for the search for new spin interactions at the micrometer scale using diamond quantum sensors
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevresearch.4.023162
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
P. Chu;N. Ristoff;J. Smits;N. Jackson;Y. J. Kim;I. Savukov;V. Acosta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Chu;N. Ristoff;J. Smits;N. Jackson;Y. J. Kim;I. Savukov;V. Acosta
几十年来，对奇异自旋相互作用的搜索一直使用越来越精确的实验室测量来测试粒子物理的各种理论模型。然而，大多数搜索都集中在相互作用长度尺度大于1 mm，对应于假设的玻色子质量小于0.2 meV。最近，基于钻石中氮空位(NV)中心的量子传感器已经成为一个很有前途的平台，可以在微米尺度上探测自旋相互作用，为在这种长度尺度上探索新的物理打开了大门。在这里，我们提出了一些实验，以寻找NV电子自旋和运动质量之间的几个假设相互作用。我们关注的是NV自旋系综与附加在振动机械振荡器上的自旋极化和非极化质量之间的潜在相互作用。对于每个相互作用，我们估计灵敏度，确定最佳实验条件，并分析潜在的系统误差。使用多脉冲量子传感协议和NV自旋系综来提高灵敏度，我们预测了新的约束条件，这些约束条件在微米尺度上比以前的约束条件提高了大约5个数量级。我们还确定了自旋极化的测试质量，基于超极化的13C核自旋在薄的金刚石薄膜中，这提供了高自旋密度和低杂散磁场的有利组合。鉴于最近的一份预印本(arxiv：2010.15667)报告了一个令人惊讶的微米级自旋-速度相互作用的非零结果，我们的分析是及时的。
For decades, searches for exotic spin interactions have used increasingly-precise laboratory measurements to test various theoretical models of particle physics. However, most searches have focused on interaction length scales greater than 1 mm, corresponding to hypothetical boson masses less than 0.2 meV. Recently, quantum sensors based on Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as a promising platform to probe spin interactions at the micrometer scale, opening the door to explore new physics at this length scale. Here, we propose experiments to search for several hypothetical interactions between NV electron spins and moving masses. We focus on potential interactions involving the coupling of NV spin ensembles to both spin-polarized and unpolarized masses attached to vibrating mechanical oscillators. For each interaction, we estimate the sensitivity, identify optimal experimental conditions, and analyze potential systematic errors. Using multi-pulse quantum sensing protocols with NV spin ensembles to improve sensitivity, we project new constraints that are ~5 orders-of-magnitude improvement over previous constraints at the micrometer scale. We also identify a spin-polarized test mass, based on hyperpolarized 13C nuclear spins in a thin diamond membrane, which offers a favorable combination of high spin density and low stray magnetic fields. Our analysis is timely in light of a recent preprint (arXiv:2010.15667) reporting a surprising non-zero result of micrometer-scale spin-velocity interactions.