Improving field establishment and yield in seed propagated Miscanthus through manipulating plug size, sowing date and seedling age.
Improving field establishment and yield in seed propagated Miscanthus through manipulating plug size, sowing date and seedling age.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2023.1095838
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.6
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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生物质作物具有替代化石燃料和缓解气候变化的巨大潜力。人们普遍认为，需要大幅扩大生物质作物的种植规模，以帮助实现净零目标。芒草是一种主要的生物质作物，具有许多特征，使其成为高度可持续的生物质来源，但种植面积仍然很低。芒草通常通过根茎繁殖，但有效的替代品可能会增加吸收并有助于使栽培作物多样化。使用芒草的种子繁殖穴盘植物有几个潜在的好处，例如提高繁殖率和扩大种植园规模。插塞还提供了在受保护的生长下改变时间和条件的机会，以在种植前获得最佳的幼苗。我们在英国温带条件下改变了温室生长期和田间种植日期的组合，这证明了种植日期对芒草的产量、茎数和建立率的特殊重要性。我们还以包含不同体积基质的四种不同的商业插塞设计来繁殖芒草，将所得幼苗在三个不同的日期种植到田间试验中。在温室中，插头设计对地上和地下生物量积累有显着影响，并且在稍后的时间点，地下生长在一些插头设计中受到限制。随后在田间生长后，穴盘设计和种植日期对产量有显着影响。第二个生长季节后，穴盘设计对产量的影响不再显着，但种植日期仍然具有显着影响。第二个生长年之后，发现种植日期对存活植物有显着影响，其中季中种植比所有穴盘类型的存活率更高。建立与第一个生长季产生的干物质生物量呈正相关。播种日期对建植有显着影响，但穴盘设计的影响更为微妙，并且在较晚的播种日期更为显着。我们讨论了利用穴盘植物种子繁殖所提供的灵活性，在关键的前两年生长期间对实现高产和建立生物质作物产生重大影响的潜力。
Biomass crops provide significant potential to substitute for fossil fuels and mitigate against climate change. It is widely acknowledged that significant scale up of biomass crops is required to help reach net zero targets. Miscanthus is a leading biomass crop embodying many characteristics that make it a highly sustainable source of biomass but planted area remains low. Miscanthus is commonly propagated via rhizome, but efficient alternatives may increase uptake and help diversify the cultivated crop. Using seed-propagate plug plants of Miscanthus has several potential benefits such as improving propagation rates and scale up of plantations. Plugs also provide an opportunity to vary the time and conditions under protected growth, to achieve optimal plantlets before planting. We varied combinations of glasshouse growth period and field planting dates under UK temperate conditions, which demonstrated the special importance of planting date on yield, stem number and establishment rates of Miscanthus. We also propagated Miscanthus in four different commercial plug designs that contained different volumes of substrate, the resulting seedlings were planted at three different dates into field trials. In the glasshouse, plug design had significant effects on above and belowground biomass accumulation and at a later time point belowground growth was restricted in some plug designs. After subsequent growth in the field, plug design and planting date had a significant effect on yield. The effects of plug design on yield were no longer significant after a second growth season but planting date continued to have a significant effect. After the second growth year, it was found that planting date had a significant effect on surviving plants, with the mid-season planting producing higher survival rates over all plug types.Establishment was positively correlated with DM biomass produced in the first growth season. Sowing date had a significant effect on establishment but the impacts of plug design were more nuanced and were significant at later planting dates. We discuss the potential to use the flexibility afforded by seed propagation of plug plants to deliver significant impacts in achieving high yield and establishment of biomass crops during the critical first two years of growth.