Earthquake Impacts and Hazard Adjustment by Acutely Hazardous Materials Facilities following the Northridge Earthquake
Earthquake Impacts and Hazard Adjustment by Acutely Hazardous Materials Facilities following the Northridge Earthquake
复制标题
北岭地震后紧急危险物质设施的地震影响和危险调整
DOI：
10.1193/1.1586000
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
R. Perry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Lindell;R. Perry
由于严重地震可能同时使现场释放缓解和场外应急响应的独立系统失效，因此危险物质对减少地震危害具有重要意义。不幸的是，地震引发的潜在危害物质释放（EIHRs）很少受到地震研究人员和规划人员的关注。本研究评估了固定场地危险设施的现场和场外损害程度，以及这些设施在北岭地震前后实施的危害调整（即危害评估、危害缓解和应急准备行动）。发生化学容器和基础设施系统影响的数据证实，危险品设施基础设施易受地震影响。地震后进行了危险调整，但与地震影响程度无关。这些结果表明，应在全国各地的地震带，特别是对受到破坏性地震威胁的危险设施群进行全面的环境影响评估研究。
Hazardous materials pose a problem of great significance for earthquake hazard reduction because severe earthquakes can simultaneously fail independent systems for on-site release mitigation and off-site emergency response. Unfortunately, the potential for major earthquake-initiated hazmat releases (EIHRs) has received little attention from earthquake researchers and planners. This study assessed the extent of on-site and off-site damage to fixed-site hazmat facilities and the hazard adjustments (i.e., hazard assessment, hazard mitigation, and emergency preparedness actions) that these facilities implemented before and after the Northridge earthquake. Data on the occurrence of chemical containment and infrastructure systems impacts confirms that hazmat facility infrastructure is vulnerable to seismic impacts. Hazard adjustments were undertaken after the earthquake, but were unrelated to the level of earthquake impact. These results suggest that comprehensive EIHR loss estimation studies should be conducted for seismic zones throughout the country, especially for clusters of hazmat facilities subject to the threat of damaging earthquakes.