Intranasal booster vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus in man
Intranasal booster vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus in man
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DOI：
10.1016/s0264-410x(96)00175-2
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发表时间：
1997-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Heron, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aggerbeck, H;Gizurarson, S;Heron, I
在新兵中测定了三种不同配方的鼻内 (i.n.) 白喉-破伤风 (D-T) 疫苗的加强反应，并与传统皮下 D-T 疫苗进行了比较。用于粘膜递送的疫苗被喷入一个鼻孔，并在聚山梨醇酯和辛酸/癸酸甘油酯的增强剂混合物中含有D和T类毒素。所有疫苗主要引起全身 IgG 反应。在 51 名血清中抗 D 抗体浓度低于 0.01 国际单位（接种前 IU mi 的保护水平）的人中，除两人外，其余所有人在接种后 4 周均达到了保护性抗体浓度。最有效的制剂中，抗 D 抗体浓度中值增加了 113 倍。抗 T 抗体水平中值增加了 2.4 倍，然而，该抗原的疫苗接种前水平非常高。在检查的水平内，加强反应主要取决于剂量与含有氢化铝作为佐剂的肠胃外 D-T 疫苗相比，所有制剂在人体以及临床前豚鼠研究中都显示出较低的免疫原性，在 215 名静脉注射免疫者中，61% 更喜欢这种给药途径，而不是肠胃外注射，尽管这些制剂都与不同的局部注射有关。症状，经常刺痛且明显，鼻分泌物 (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
The booster responses of three different formulations of intranasal (i.n.) diphtheria-tetanus (D-T) vaccines were determined in military recruits and compared with a conventional subcutaneous D-T vaccine. The vaccines for mucosal delivery were sprayed into one nostril and contained D and T toxoids in an enhancer mixture of polysorbate and caprylic/capric glycerides. All of the vaccines gave rise mainly to a systemic IgG response. Among 51 persons with anti-D antibody concentrations in serum below a protective level of 0.01 international units (IU mi before vaccination, all except two attained protective antibody concentrations 4 weeks after vaccination The median increase in anti-D antibody concentration Mins 113-fold with the most efficient in. formulation. The median increase in anti-T antibody level was 2.4-fold, however, the pre-vaccination levels for this antigen were very high. Within the examined levels, the booster response depended mainly on the dose of the antigen in the vaccine rather than on the concentration of the vehicle mixture. Compared with the parenteral D-T vaccine containing aluminium hydro,vide as an adjuvant, all of the rested in. formulations showed somewhat lower immunogenicity in man as well as in pre-clinical guinea-pig studies. Among 215 persons immunized i.n., 61% preferred this route of administration rather than a parenteral injection, although the formulations were all associated with varying local symptoms,frequently stinging and pronounced, nasal secretion. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.