The microbiota of the vagina and its influence on women's health and disease.
The microbiota of the vagina and its influence on women's health and disease.
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DOI：
10.1097/maj.0b013e31823ea228
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发表时间：
2012-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Martin DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martin DH
对阴道微生物群(VMB)的探索始于150多年前。利用光学显微镜和细菌培养，正常和不正常的微生物群女性的概念开始出现。后者后来被称为“细菌性阴道病”或BV。BV微生物区系以阴道加德纳氏菌为主，包括一些厌氧微生物。相比之下，正常菌群以各种乳杆菌为主。BV微生物区系与阴道分泌物、不良妊娠结局、盆腔炎、术后伤口感染和择期流产后的子宫内膜炎有关。此外，BV菌群使妇女容易感染艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病。在过去的十年中，分子技术的应用极大地促进了我们对VMB的理解。它比以前认识到的要复杂得多，除了那些已经被培养出来的微生物外，它还包括许多以前未知的微生物。使用高通量测序技术的分析显示，独特的微生物群落以前没有在较老的、已建立的阴道菌群类别中被识别出来。这些新的发现将为未来VMB在健康和疾病中的作用的临床调查的设计提供信息。
Explorations of the vaginal microbiota (VMB) began over 150 years ago. Using light microscopy and bacterial cultures the concept of normal versus abnormal microbiotain women began to emerge. The latter became known by the term “bacterial vaginosis” or BV. BV microbiota is dominated by Gardnerella vaginalis and includes a number of anaerobic organisms. In contrast normal flora is dominated various Lactobacilli. BV microbiota is associated with vaginal discharge, poor pregnancy outcomes, pelvic inflammatory disease, post-operative wound infections, and endometritis following elective abortions. Additionally, BV flora predisposes women to infection by HIV as well as other STDs. Application of molecular techniques over the last decade has significantly advanced our understanding of the VMB. It is far more complex than previously recognized and is comprised of many previously unknown organisms in addition to those already identified by culture. Analyses using high-throughput sequencing techniques have revealed unique microbial communities not previously recognized within the older, established vaginal flora categories. These new findings will inform the design of future clinical investigations of the role of the VMB in health and disease.