Ecological Commitments: Why Developmental Science Needs Naturalistic Methods
Ecological Commitments: Why Developmental Science Needs Naturalistic Methods
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DOI：
10.1111/cdep.12217
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Dahl, Audun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dahl, Audun
许多发展科学旨在解释儿童的经历如何或是否影响他们的思想和行动。发展理论对研究背景之外的事件做出假设和声明我称之为生态承诺。在这篇文章中，我认为，大多数发展理论作出生态承诺，儿童的思想，行动和经验的研究背景之外，这些承诺有时去未声明和未经检验的。我还认为，自然主义的方法可以提供证据支持或反对生态承诺，自然主义和实验研究解决独特而互补的问题。我建议重新考虑发展理论、自然主义方法和实验室实验之间的关系，而不是主张提高实验的生态有效性或放弃实验室研究。
Much of developmental science aims to explain how or whether children's experiences influence their thoughts and actions. Developmental theories make assumptions and claims-what I call ecological commitments-about events outside research contexts. In this article, I argue that most developmental theories make ecological commitments about children's thoughts, actions, and experiences outside research contexts, and that these commitments sometimes go unstated and untested. I also argue that naturalistic methods can provide evidence for or against ecological commitments, and that naturalistic and experimental studies address unique yet complementary questions. Rather than argue for increasing the ecological validity of experiments or abandoning laboratory research, I propose reconsidering the relations among developmental theories, naturalistic methods, and laboratory experiments.