Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated and air-conditioned buildings in humid subtropical climate zone in China
Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated and air-conditioned buildings in humid subtropical climate zone in China
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DOI：
10.1007/s00484-007-0133-4
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发表时间：
2008-05
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Wei Yang;Guo-qiang Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wei Yang;Guo-qiang Zhang
对中国亚热带湿润气候区5个城市的热舒适进行了实地研究。这项调查于2006年夏季在自然通风和有空调的建筑物内进行。共有来自111幢建筑物的229名住户参与了本研究，并收集了229份问卷。热可接受性评价表明，自然通风建筑的室内环境不能达到ASHRAE标准55规定的80%可接受性标准，人们倾向于在空调建筑中感到更舒适，空调居住者的可接受性（89%）高于自然通风居住者（58%）。自然通风和空调建筑中性温度分别为28.3°C和27.7°C。自然通风建筑的可接受温度范围（25.0 ~ 31.6°C）比空调建筑的可接受温度范围（25.1 ~ 30.3°C）更宽，这表明自然通风建筑中的居住者似乎更能忍受更高的温度。自然通风和空调建筑的首选温度分别为27.9°C和27.3°C，均比中性温度低0.4°C。这个结果表明，炎热气候的人可能会用“稍微凉爽”这样的词来描述他们喜欢的热状态。在不同温度范围内，室内风速对乘员的舒适度有显著影响，乘员所需的风速随工作温度的升高而增大。因此，需要一种有效的自然通风方式，它可以创造优选的高层空气运动。最后，确定空调建筑的室内设定点温度为26℃或更高才会让人感到舒适，这支持了中国关于公共建筑和办公建筑空调系统设定点温度不应低于26℃的规定。
A thermal comfort field study has been carried out in five cities in the humid subtropical climate zone in China. The survey was performed in naturally ventilated and air-conditioned buildings during the summer season in 2006. There were 229 occupants from 111 buildings who participated in this study and 229 questionnaire responses were collected. Thermal acceptability assessment reveals that the indoor environment in naturally ventilated buildings could not meet the 80% acceptability criteria prescribed by ASHRAE Standard 55, and people tended to feel more comfortable in air-conditioned buildings with the air-conditioned occupants voting with higher acceptability (89%) than the naturally ventilated occupants (58%). The neutral temperatures in naturally ventilated and air-conditioned buildings were 28.3°C and 27.7°C, respectively. The range of accepted temperature in naturally ventilated buildings (25.0∼31.6°C) was wider than that in air-conditioned buildings (25.1∼30.3°C), which suggests that occupants in naturally ventilated buildings seemed to be more tolerant of higher temperatures. Preferred temperatures were 27.9°C and 27.3°C in naturally ventilated and air-conditioned buildings, respectively, both of which were 0.4°C cooler than neutral temperatures. This result suggests that people of hot climates may use words like “slightly cool” to describe their preferred thermal state. The relationship between draught sensation and indoor air velocity at different temperature ranges indicates that indoor air velocity had a significant influence over the occupants’ comfort sensation, and air velocities required by occupants increased with the increasing of operative temperatures. Thus, an effective way of natural ventilation which can create the preferred higher air movement is called for. Finally, the indoor set-point temperature of 26°C or even higher in air-conditioned buildings was confirmed as making people comfortable, which supports the regulation in China that in public and office buildings the set-point temperature of air-conditioning system should not be lower than 26°C.