PM2.5 source profiles for black and organic carbon emission inventories
PM2.5 source profiles for black and organic carbon emission inventories
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.011
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Motallebi, Nehzat
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chow, Judith C.;Watson, John G.;Motallebi, Nehzat
黑碳或元素碳（BC或EC）和有机碳（OC）的排放清单可以通过将PM2.5排放估计值乘以代表性源配置文件中这些物种的质量分数来得出。本研究探讨了源配置文件的可变性及其对EC排放估计的影响。对现有概况的审查表明，农业燃烧的EC和OC分别为6-13%和35-40%，住宅木材燃烧的EC和OC分别为4-33%和22-68%，公路汽油车的EC和OC分别为6-38%和24-75%，公路重型柴油车的EC和OC分别为33-74%和20-47%。来源配置文件从美国环保署SPECIATE数据库被应用到PM2.5排放量从美国环保署国家排放清单2005年。总的估计EC排放量为432千兆克年（-1），其中42.5%来自生物质燃烧，35.4%来自非道路移动的源，15%来自道路上的移动的源，5.4%来自化石燃料（例如，煤、石油和天然气）燃烧，1%来自其他固定工业源，0.5%来自扬尘。考虑到现有来源简介的可变性，对主要来源（如明火和非道路柴油）的BC排放量估计分别为42至133千兆克/年（系数为3）和25至100千兆克/年（系数为4）。来源简介的选择可能是国家和全球BC/EC排放清单中不确定性的主要来源。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Emission inventories for black or elemental (BC or EC) and organic (OC) carbon can be derived by multiplying PM2.5 emission estimates by mass fractions of these species in representative source profiles. This study examines the variability of source profiles and its effect on EC emission estimates. An examination of available profiles shows that EC and OC ranged from 6-13% and 35-40% for agricultural burning, 4-33% and 22-68% for residential wood combustion, 6-38% and 24-75% for on-road gasoline vehicles, and 33-74% and 20-47% for on-road heavy-duty diesel vehicles, respectively. Source profiles from the U.S. EPA SPECIATE data base were applied to PM2.5 emissions from the U.S. EPA National Emissions Inventory for 2005. The total estimated EC emissions of 432 Gg yr(-1) was apportioned as 42.5% from biomass burning, 35.4% from non-road mobile sources, 15% from on-road mobile sources, 5.4% from fossil fuel (e.g., coal, oil, and natural gas) combustion in stationary sources, 1% from other stationary industrial sources, and 0.5% from fugitive dust. Considering the variability in available source profiles, BC emission estimates for major sources such as open fires and non-road diesels ranged from 42 to 133 (a factor of 3) and 25 to 100 (a factor of 4) Gg yr(-1), respectively. The choice of source profiles can be a major source of uncertainty in national and global BC/EC emission inventories. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.